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        1 - Standing in Najd: The Ghataf§nÊ Tribes' Relations with The Prophet (PBUH)
        Mehran Esmaeili Maryam Behdarvand
        Despite its significant political and social importance, the region of Najd in the Arabian Peninsula has received little attention from researchers of early Islamic history and the Prophet's biography (Sira). The focus of traditional narratives has been on the conflicts More
        Despite its significant political and social importance, the region of Najd in the Arabian Peninsula has received little attention from researchers of early Islamic history and the Prophet's biography (Sira). The focus of traditional narratives has been on the conflicts between the Prophet and the Quraysh, as well as the Prophet and the Jewish tribes. However, Najd, located in eastern Hijaz, was a crucial region where many of the Prophet's military campaigns took place, and some of his missionary activities occurred. This paper aims to investigate the reaction of Najd tribes to the Prophet's call and expansion in Najd, and the outcomes of the Prophet's actions in this region. The findings suggest that the Ghatafani tribes, one of the major tribal groups in Najd, largely resisted the spread of the Prophet's call in Najd until the end of the prophetic period, posing significant security threats to Medina and actively collaborating with the Quraysh and Jewish tribes. Manuscript profile