Experimental Study of Waves Created by Sliding Masses in a Rectangular Water Reservoir

Subject Areas : Article frome a thesis

Ramin Owtad ¹ , Shamsa Basirat ² , Ehsan Delavari ³ , Mohammad Hosseini ⁴ , Mohammad Hojaji Najafabadi ⁵

1 - Ph.D. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
2 - Assistant prof., Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Assistant prof., Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
4 - Assistant prof., Department of Civil Engineering, Meymand Center, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran
5 - Assistant prof., Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran

Received: 2023-08-18 Accepted : 2024-02-14 Published : 2024-02-14

Keywords: Laboratory study, Landslide, cylindrical slide model, Non-periodic wave,

Abstract :

Introduction: It is important to investigate the conditions and dimensions of the wave resulting from the fall of the soil and rock mass, which creates large waves with large amplitudes on the water level of reservoirs and dams. Therefore, in the present research, with the aim of the experimental investigation of the wave resulting from the fall of the solid mass inside the rectangular reservoir was investigated.

 

Methods: A cylindrical sample with three models falling into water from a sloping surface with an angle of 27.7 degrees and three reservoir depths of 35, 45, and 55 cm was considered for wave investigation. The inclined surface at the corner of the reservoir was considered to be different from previous laboratory studies. In order to determine the effect of changing the mass size on the wave characteristics of the composition and the number of different cylindrical masses, it was investigated.

Findings: Considering that the wave resulting from the falling mass in the reservoir changes under the influence of the presence of the walls and the return wave, the results showed that the placement of the sliding slope in the corner of the reservoir causes irregular waves, and the increase in the density of the sliding mass causes an increase in the length, amplitude, and energy of the wave. On the other hand, in a constant mass density, the model in which the cylindrical sliding masses slide parallel and without distance together (model 3) has the maximum wave height and amplitude due to the greater contact surface of the sliding mass with the water surface. In addition, the results showed that increasing the depth of the reservoir  from 35 to 55 cm increases the characteristics of the wave, including the amplitude, length, and energy of the wave, but it does not have a significant effect on the maximum fluctuation of the free water surface. The results showed that the highest wave energy in model 3 (13.258 kJ) occurred at a reservoir depth of 55 cm. Impulsive waves caused by landslides in dam reservoirs can pose a serious threat to damaged dam bodies. The current research model may be effective for predicting the consequences of these types of waves and reducing the risks caused by them around the world.

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