Effect of Whey in Increasing of Domestic Fowl's Egg and performance in Cold Stress
Subject Areas : Journal of Large Animal Clinical Science Research(JLACSR)
Keywords: Probiotic, Cold stress, egg, Whey,
Abstract :
When the weather is getting cold in winter and according to temperature limitation, egg production decreases in rural areas and other avicultures that suffer from keeping optimal temperature quantitatively and qualitatively. According to this point that whey has a high dietary and probiotic value and in high volume is being produced in rural areas as an accessory product and often is being thrown away therefore; we can decrease cost of sustenance and conquest on cold stress with adding a natural valuable source, a probiotic substance, like whey to egg mash. The first priority in this study is determination of effectiveness about whey in laying of domestic fowls in winter and cold stress. In this study 90 domestic fowls in 38 weeks old and duration of 30 days were used. The study was completely random and with 3 cares and 3 repetitions (9 cages with 10cases in each of them) were done. The testable cares were in order: (1)the first group(witness ) that received basal egg mash in total period (based on corn and soya) and was kept in 8-12c, (2)the second group received basal egg mash in total period and was kept in 16-20c, (3) the third group received basal egg mash with 5% solution of whey and was kept in a same temperature like witness group, then after 10 days from care performance, number of eggs and some of their qualitative indexes in each group were analyzed and measured. The results of this study show that the number of eggs in the second and the third group increased 60% and 50% sequentially, But; the noticeable point was that the eggs of third group had been increased in some indexes like average weight and although according to food consumption than the second group was in a same level but in point of quality has caused a statistically significant (P < 0.05). Thus with adding whey to egg mash of laying fowls can compensate some damage in reduction of egg production due to cold stress.
1- Barteczko, J. (1997) :The alternative in vitro method for estimation of fermentation processes in broilers. Zesz. Nauk. Przegl. Hod. 32: 217–223.
2- Bilgili, SF. Moran, ET. (1990): Influence of whey and probiotic supplemented withdrawal feed on the retention of salmonella incubated into marked age broiler. Polut. Sci. 69(10): 1670-1674.
3- Brisbin, JT. Zhou, H. Gong J, Sabour P, Akbari MR, Haghighi HR,Yu H, Clarke A, Sarson AJ, Sharif S. (2008): Gene expression profiling of chicken lymphoid cells after treatment with Lactobacillus acidophilus cellular components. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 32: 563-574.
4- Dalloul, RA. Lillehoj HS, Tamim NM, Shellem TA, Doerr JA. (2005): Induction of local protective immunity to Eimeria acervulina by a Lactobacillus-based probiotic. Comp. Immun. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 28: 351-361.
5- Francis, C. Janky DM, Arafa AS, Harms RH. (1978): Interrelationship of Lactobacillus and zinc bacitracin in diets of turkey poults. Poult. Sci. 57: 1687-1689.
6- Gomez Gil, B. Roque, A. Turnbull JF. (2000): The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the larval aquatic organism. Aquaculture. 191: 259-270.
7- Griggs, JP. Jacob, JP. (2005): Alternatives to antibiotics for organic poultry production. J. Appl. Poult.Res. 14: 750-756.
8- Kermanshahi, H. Rostami, H. (2006): Influence of supplemental dried whey on broiler performance and cecal flora. International Journal of Poultry Science. 5(6): 538-543.
9- Kurtoglu, V. kurtoglu F, Seker E, Coskun B, Balevi T, Polat ES. (2004): Effect of probiotic supplementation on laying hen diets on yield performance and serum and egg yolk cholesterol. In: Food Additives & Contaminants. 21(9): 817–823.
10- Lutful Kabir, SM.( 2009):The role of probiotics in the poultry industry. Int. J. Mol. Sci10: 3531-3546.
11- Nahaston, SN. Nakaue HS, Mirosh LW. (1992): Effect of direct-fed microbials on nutrient retention and production parameters of laying pullets. Poult. Sci. 71:111.
12- Nava, GM. Bielke LR, Callaway TR, Castaneda MP. (2005): Probiotic alternatives to reduce gastrointestinal infections. Animal Health Res. Rev. 6: 105-118.
13- Panda, AK. Reddy MR, Rama RA, Praharah NK. (2003): Production performance, serum/yolk cholesterol and immune competence of white leghorn layers as influenced by dietary supplementation with probiotic. In: Trop Anim Health Prod. 35(1): 85-94.
14- Pourreza, J. Alipour MM. (2004): Effect of whey in drinking on the performance of broiler chicken. J. Sci. Technol. Agric. Natur. Resour. 7(4): 167.
15- Schingoethe, DJ. (1976): Whey utilization in animal feeding: a summary and evaluation. J. Dairy Sci. 59: 556–570
16- Schutte, JB. Smink, W. (1998):Requirement of the laying hen for apparent faecal digestible lysine. Poul. Sci. In press.
17- Shariatmadari, F. Forbes, JM. (2005): Performance of broiler chickens given whey in the food and/or drinking water. Br. Poult. Sci. 46(4): 498–505.
18- Tellez, G. Dean, CE. Corrier DE, Deloach, Jr. Laeger L, Harris BM. (1993): Effect of dietary lactose on cecal morphology, pH, organic acids and salmonella emeritidis organ invasion in leghorn chickens. Poult. Sci. 72: 636-642.
19- Tortuero, F. Fernandez E. (1995): Effect of inclusion of microbial culture in barley-based diets fed to laying hens. Anim. Feed. Sci. Tec. 53: 255-265.
20- Trafalska, E. Grzybowska K. (2004): Probiotics-An alternative for antibiotics? Wiad Lek. 57: 491-498.
21- Watkins, BA. Miller BF, Neil DH. (1982): In vivo effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus against pathogenic Escherichia coli in gnotobiotic chicks. Poult. Sci. 61: 1298-1308.
22- Yoruk, M A. Gul M, Hayirl A, Macit M. (2004): The effects of supplementation of humate and probiotic on egg production and quality parameters during the late laying period in hens. In: Poultry Science. 83: 84-88.
_||_