Subject Areas :

علی خواستار ¹ (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیوتکنولوژی میکروبی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، گروه زیست شناسی تهران، ایران)
Majid Jamshidian Mojaver ² (Mashhad Branch, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.)
به آفرید قلندری ³ (گروه نانوتکنولوژی پزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

Received: 2020-03-02 Accepted : 2020-08-26 Published : 2021-03-18

Keywords:

References:

1. Barua D. (1992). Cholera. First edition. Springer. USA: 1-36.


2. Fasano A, Baudry B, Pumplin DW, Wasserman SS, Tall BD, Ketley JM, et al. (1991). Vibrio cholerae produces a second enterotoxin, which affects intestinal tight junctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 88:5242-6.


3. Feng Y, Jadhav AP, Rodighiero C, Fujinaga Y, Kirchhausen T, Lencer WI. (2004). Retrograde transport of cholera toxin from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum requires the trans‐Golgi network but not the Golgi apparatus in Exo2‐treated cells. EMBO reports. 5:596-601.


4. Finkelstein RA, LoSpalluto JJ. (1969). Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: preparation and isolation of choleragen and choleragenoid. Journal of experimental medicine. 130:185-202.


5. Finkelstein RA. (1996). Medical Microbiology. 4th edition: University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. USA: 1358-1408.


6. Gardner A, Venkatraman K. (1935). The antigens of the cholera group of vibrios. Epidemiology & Infection. 35:262-82.


7. Hacker J, Blum‐Oehler G, Mühldorfer I, Tschäpe H. (1997). Pathogenicity islands of virulent bacteria: structure, function and impact on microbial evolution. Molecular microbiology. 23:1089-97.


8. Huq A, Small EB, West PA, Huq MI, Rahman R, Colwell RR. (1983). Ecological relationships between Vibrio cholerae and planktonic crustacean copepods. Appl Environ Microbiol. 45:275-83.


9. Imhoff JF. (2005). Bergey’s Manual® of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume Two The Proteobacteria Part B The Gammaproteobacteria. 2th edition. Springer. USA: 491-555


10. Kindhauser MK, World Health O. (2003) Communicable diseases 2002 : global defence against the infectious disease threat / edited by Mary Kay Kindhauser. World Health Organization. Geneva: 105-117.


11. Kopic S, Geibel JP. (2010). Toxin mediated diarrhea in the 21st century: The pathophysiology of intestinal ion transport in the course of ETEC, V. cholerae and rotavirus infection. Toxins. 2:2132-57.


12. Lönnroth I, Holmgren J. (1973). Subunit structure of cholera toxin. Microbiology. 76:417-27.


13. Maheshwari M, Nelapati K, Kiranmayi B. (2011). Vibrio cholerae-a review. Veterinary world. 4:423.


14. Mekalanos J. (1985). Genetic Approaches to Microbial Pathogenicity. First edition. Springer. USA: 97-118.


15. Merritt EA, Sarfaty S, Akker FVD, L'Hoir C, Martial JA, Hol WG. (1994). Crystal structure of cholera toxin B‐pentamer bound to receptor GM1 pentasaccharide. Protein Science. 3:166-175.


16. Merritt EA, Sixma TK, Kalk KH, van Zanten BA, Hol WG. (1994). Galactose‐binding site in Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxin (LT) and cholera toxin (CT). Molecular microbiology. 13:745-53.


17. Pearson GD, Woods A, Chiang SL, Mekalanos JJ. (1993). CTX genetic element encodes a site-specific recombination system and an intestinal colonization factor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 90:3750-4.


18. Samadi A, Shahid N, Eusof A, Yunus M, Huq M, Khan M, et al. (1983). Classical Vibrio cholerae biotype displaces EL tor in Bangladesh. The Lancet. 321:805-7.


19. Schoen A, Freire E. (1989). Thermodynamics of intersubunit interactions in cholera toxin upon binding to the oligosaccharide portion of its cell surface receptor, ganglioside GM1. Biochemistry. 28:5019-24.


20. Shimada T. (1993). Outbreak of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 in India and Bangladesh. Lancet. 341:1347.


21. Sixma TK, Kalk KH, van Zanten BA, Dauter Z, Kingma J, Witholt B, et al. (1993). Refined structure of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, a close relative of cholera toxin. Journal of molecular biology. 230:890-918.


22. Stratmann T. (2015). Cholera toxin subunit B as adjuvant––an accelerator in protective immunity and a break in autoimmunity. Vaccines. 3:579-96.


23. Taylor RK, Miller VL, Furlong DB, Mekalanos JJ. (1987). Use of phoA gene fusions to identify a pilus colonization factor coordinately regulated with cholera toxin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 84:2833-7.


24. Trucksis M, Galen JE, Michalski J, Fasano A, Kaper JB. (1993). Accessory cholera enterotoxin (Ace), the third toxin of a Vibrio cholerae virulence cassette. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 90:5267-71.


25. Yamai S, Okitsu T, Shimada T, Katsube Y. (1997). Distribution of serogroups of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 non-O139 with specific reference to their ability to produce cholera toxin, and addition of novel serogroups. Kansenshogaku zasshi The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. 71:1037-45.