The effect of four weeks of aerobic training and pistachio peel extract on gene expression of tol-like receptors 2 and 4 in the soleus muscle of female rats fed a high-fat diet
Subject Areas :
Keywords: Obesity, Pistachio peelextract, Aerobic activity, Toll-like receptors, Soleus muscle,
Abstract :
Introduction: High-fat diet plays an important role in stimulating oxidative and inflammatory pathways in obese people by activating toll-like receptors (TLRs). In line with the design and identification of environmental interventions affecting obesity, this research has investigated the effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise and pistachio skin extract on TLR-2 and TLR-4 gene expression in obese female rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 twelve-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, fattened, aerobic exercise, PP extract, and aerobic exercise-PP extract. In order to induce obesity in the target groups, 0/5 ml of high-fat diet per 100 grams of body weight was used by gavage for 4 weeks (5 days a week). After determining the maximum oxygen consumption, an aerobic activity program including 4 weeks of 20-minute running with an intensity of 50% in the first week and 65% in the last week was implemented. The program of the extract group also included 4 weeks of gavage of Mg 60 per kilogram of body weight in 5 times. After eliminating the acute effect of the interventions and isolating the soleus muscle tissue, real-time PCR technique was used to determine the gene expression level of inflammatory receptors TRL-2 and TRL-4. Finally, the data were analyzed by independent t-test and two-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0/05. Results: The results showed that a period of using a high-fat diet caused a 6-fold increase in the gene expression of toll-like receptors 2 (P=0/001)and 4 (P=0/001). Based on the results of two-way analysis of variance, four weeks of aerobic exercise, receiving pistachio peel extract and the interactive effect of aerobic exerciseand extract caused a significant decrease in the expression of toll-like receptor 2 and 4 in the soleus muscle of rats compared to the obese control group. However, statistically, no significant difference was observed between the three interventions on TRL-2 expression in soleus muscle (P=0/063); While the most significant decrease in TRL-4 expression was observed during aerobic exercise or its combination with pistachio peel extract (P=0/009). Conclusion: These results indicate the decrease in gene expression of specific receptors of inflammatory indicators in obese mice after four weeks of isolated aerobic activity and consumption of pistachio peel extract. Despite these results, we need more studies on how to combine these effective interventions.