Identifying the Effective Factors in Improving the Security and Safety of Stadiums with the Approach of Preventing the Aggression of the Spectators of the Iranian Football Premier League

Subject Areas : Sport Sciences Quarterly

lila saffari ¹ , hassan esazadeh ²

1 - استادیارگروه تربیت بدنی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،قزوین،ایران
2 - دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، واحد آیت اله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،آمل ،ایران

Received: 2024-02-10 Accepted : 2024-02-10 Published : 2023-06-22

Keywords: aggression, Security, safety, football, spectators,

Abstract :

One of the most important issues for the stadium audience is safety and security, which has made it more urgent to pay attention to what has happened in the past and the high risks. The purpose of the present study was to identify the effective safety and security factors in stadiums with an aggressive approach to preventing spectators from competing in football leagues.The research method is qualitative and exploratory. The sampling method is non-random and purposeful sampling. The face and content validity of the interview questions were evaluated and approved by 6 sport management professors and then by 14 experts in the field including sport management elites, specialists and managers. Football and law enforcement staff and security officials were interviewed and continued to theoretical saturation, with data analysis through open coding (component or badge), pivotal (subordinate) and selective (key factors) in this study) Was performed. Based on the findings of the present study, a total of 32 safety and security indices were identified which consist of three main factors (service, control and special circumstances) and eight sub-factors of the main factor. According to elite and soccer experts, safety and security factors (stadium facilities, tickets, physical inspections, security measures, high-risk events and conditions) have an impact on preventing aggression in football spectators.