Subject Areas :

مهدی  عقیقی شاهوردی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد تهران، ایران.)
حشمت  امیدی ² (استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه شاهد تهران، ایران.)

Received: 2016-06-19 Accepted : 2016-09-22 Published : 2016-08-22

Keywords:

References:

Agashe V.R. and Udgaonkar, J. 1995. Initial hydrophobic collapse in the folding of barstar, Nature, 34:3286–3299.

Akbari, G., Modares Sanavy, S.A. and Yousefzadeh, S. 2007. Effect of auxin and salt stress (NaCl) on seed germination of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakestan Journal of Biological Science, 10: 2557-2561.

Ashraf, M. and Foolad, M.R. 2005. Pre-sowing seed treatment- ashotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth and crop yield under saline and non saline condition. Adv. Agron., 88: 223-271.

Ashraf, M. 2002. Evaluation of genetic variation for improvement of saline agriculture. Ahmad, R. and K. A. Malik (Eds), Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherlands, pp: 131-137.

Bandurski, R.S., Cohen, J.D., Slovin, J.P. and Reinecke, D.M. 1995. Auxin biosynthesis and metabolism. In: P.J. Davies, ed, Plant Hormones. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, pp 39-65.

Bewley, J.D. and Black, M. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of development and germination. Second edition. Plenum Press, New York.

Chiwocha, S.D.S., Culter, A.J., Abrams, S.r., Ambrose, S.J., Yang, J., Ross, A.R.S. and Kermode, A.R. 2005. The ertl-2 mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana affects the abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellins metabolic pathway during maintenance of seed dormancy. Moist chilling and germination. Plant Journal. 42:35-45.

Ehteramian, K. 2001. The effect of nitrogen fertilization and sowing date on yield and yield components of Cumin in the Koshak region of Fars province, master's thesis, University of Shiraz.

Ekize, H. and Yilmaz, A. 2003. Determination of the tolerance of some barley genotypes and the characteristics affecting tolerance. Turk J. Agric.27: 253 – 260

Ghoulam, C. and Fares, K. 2001. Eeffect of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Seed Science and Technology. 29:357- 364.

Gulnaz, A., Iqbal, J. and Azam, F. 1999. Seed treatment with growth regulation and crop productivity.II.Responnse of critical growth stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salinity stress. Cereal Research. 27:419-426.

Huang, J. and Redmann, R.E. 1995. Salt tolerance of Hordeum and Brassica species during germination Zidan and early seedling growth. Can. J. Plant Sci. 75: 815-819.

Kafi, M., 2002. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Production Technology.Ferdowsi University Press. P:195.

Khajeh-Hosseini, M., Powell, A.  and  Bingham, I.J. 2002. Comparison of the seed germination and early seedling growth of soybean in saline conditions. Seed Science Research. 12: 165-172.

Maleki Farahani, S., Rezazadeh, A. and Aghighi Shahverdi, M. 2015. Effects of electromagnetic field and ultrasonic waves on seed germination of Cumin (Cumin Cyminum L.), Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 2(1): 109-118.

Mansour, M.M.F. 2000. Nitrogen containing compounds and adaptation of plants to salinity stress. Biological Plant, 43: 491–500.

Munns, R. and James, R.A. 2003. Screening methods for salinity tolerance: a case study with tetraploid wheat. Plant and Soil. 253: 201-218.

Omidbegi, R. 2000. The approaches to the production and processing of medicinal plants, the first volume of Tarahan Nashr Publications, Tehran P:283.

Rampey, R.A., LeClere, S., Ljung, K. and Bartel, B. 2004. A family of Auxin conjugate hydrolases that contributes to free IAA levels during Arabidopsis germination. Plant Physiology, 135: 978-988

Rashotte, A.M., Brady, S.R., Reed, R.C., Ante, S.J. and Muday, G.K. 2000. Basipetal auxin transport is required for gravitropism in root of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology, 122: 481–90. 

Salami, M.R., Safarnezhad, A. and Hamidi, H. 2004. Effect of salinity stress on morphological characteristics Cumin (Cumin cymene) and Valerian (Valerian officinalis). Pazhohesh and Sazandeghi, 72: 83-77.

Shahpasandzadeh, H. 2005. Evaluate the performance of Cumin seeds and fertilizers combined and seeding levels in Kerman province. Master's thesis. Tarbiat Modares University.

Singh, V. 1990. Influence of indole acetic acid and indole butylic acid (IBA) on seed germination of spruce. The Indian Forester. 116: 450-455.

Tabatabaei, S.A. and Shakeri, E. 2014. Effects of seed priming on germination traits Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) under drought and salinity stresses, Arid Biome Scientific and Research Journal, 4(2): 1-11.

Waisel, Z., Zhi, D., Xue, G., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y. and Xia, G. 2004. Enhanced salt tolerance of transgenic wheat(Tritocum aestivum L.) expressing a vacuolar Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter gene with improved grain yields in saline soils in the fioed an a reduced level of leaf Na⁺. Plant Science, 167: 849-859.

Zhu, Z., Wei, G., Li, J., Qian, Q. and Yu, J. 2004. Silicon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant. Enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant Science, 167: 527–533.