Breaking the seed dormancy of Panicum antidotale and the effect of salinity stress on seed germination

Subject Areas :

معصومه صالحی ^{1 *} , Sayyaed Afshin Mosavat ² , Ali Akbar Zaki Zadeh ³ , فرهاد دهقانی ^{4 *}

1 - مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- یزد- ایران.
2 - Agronomy and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.
3 - National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran.
4 - مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری

Received: 2024-03-05 Accepted : 2025-02-06 Published : 2024-02-29

Keywords: Grass, seed dormancy, sulfuric acid, pre-cold,

Abstract :

Antidote millet (Panicum antidotale) is a perennial tropical grass with rhizomes that tolerates salt stress. One of the problems of growing this plant in the saline lands is low seeds viability and lack of proper seedling establishment. For this reason, the seeds pre-treatments including: control, 28 days ago cold treatment with KNO3 and normal water, 14 days ago cold treatment with KNO3 and water, sulfuric acid pre-treatment and salinity levels including distilled water, 10, 20 and 30 dS/m was conducted in factorial basis based on a completely randomized design with three replications. In order to determine the germination percentage in the soil conditions, the best pretreatments were cultivated at salinity levels (6 and 12 dS/m). The results showed that the effect of salinity stress and seed pretreatment and the mutual effect of salinity stress and seed pretreatment on all germination traits were significant. The average comparison results showed that the best seed pretreatment was sulfuric acid in all salinity levels, but in non-saline conditions, there was no significant difference with the cold pretreatment with potassium nitrate. In the salinity treatment of 30 dS/m, the percentage of germination reached zero in all pretreatments except the pretreatment with sulfuric acid. Based on the results of the fitted linear equation, the changes of Panicum germination to salinity showed that the germination threshold in sulfuric acid treatment was 8.71 dS/m of saturated soil extract and the slope of the line was 2.6%. According to the results, panicum seed dormancy is physical type.

References:

Ahmad, M.S.A., Ashraf, M. and Ali, Q. 2010. Soil salinity as a selection pressure is a key determinant for the evolution of salt tolerance in Blue Panicgrass (Panicum antidotale Retz.). Flora-Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 205: 37-45.
Ashraf, M. 2003. Relationships between leaf gas exchange characteristics and growth of differently adapted populations of Blue panicgrass ( Panicum antidotale Retz.) under salinity or waterlogging. Plant Science 165: 69-75.
Bokhari, U., Alyaeesh, F. and Al-Nori, M. 1987. Adaptive strategies of desert grasses in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Range Management: 19-22.
Boroujerdnia, M. and Hasanzade, Khankahdani, H. 2022. The Effect of Different Pretreatments on Seed Dormancy Elimination and Seed Germination Improvement of Guava (Psidium guajava). Iranian Journal of Seed Research 8: 175-184. doi:10.52547/yujs.8.2.175.
Golmohammadzadeh, S., Zaefarian, F. and Rezvani, M. 2015. Effects of some chemical factors, prechilling treatments and interactions on the seed dormancy-breaking of two Papaver species. Weed Biology and Management 15: 11-19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12056.
Kheloufi, A., Mansouri, L.M. and Boukhatem, F.Z. 2017. Application and use of sulphuric acid pretreatment to improve seed germination of three acacia species. Reforesta: 1-10.
Kimura, E., Fransen, S.C., Collins, H.P. Guy, S.O. and Johnston, W.J. 2015. Breaking seed dormancy of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.): a review. Biomass and Bioenergy 80: 94-101.
Knapp, A.D. 2000. An Overview of Seed Dormancy in Native Warm-Season Grasses. Native Warm‐Season Grasses: Research Trends and Issues. p. 107-122.
Nisar, M.F., Mumtaz, A.S., Ashraf, M., Majeed, A., Hussain, K. and Nawaz, K. 2010. Evaluating the Agro-morphological Variation in Panicum antidotale in Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 12: 416-420.
Pasandideh, H., Seyed Sharifi, R. Hamidi, A., Mobasser, S. and Sedghi, M. 2014. Relationship of seed germination and vigour indices of commercial soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars with seedling emergence in field. Iranian Journal of Seed Sciences and Research 1: 29-50.
Shahbaz, M., Iqbal, M. and Ashraf, M. 2011. Response of differently adapted populations of blue panic grass (Panicum antidotale Retz.) to water deficit conditions. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 84: 134 - 141.
Steppuhn, H., Van Genuchten, M.T. and Grieve, C.M. 2005. Root-zone salinity. II. Indices for tolerance in agricultural crops. Crop Science 45: 221-232.
Xu, N., Lu, B. Wang, Y. Yu, X. Yao, N. Lin, Q.. 2023. Effects of salt stress on seed germination and respiratory metabolism in different Flueggea suffruticosa genotypes. PeerJ 11: e15668. doi:10.7717/peerj.15668.