The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Emotion Management, Experiential Avoidance and Cognitive Flexibility in Women Affected by Marital Infidelity

Subject Areas :

فرزانه  بیات ¹ (نویسنده مسئول: عضو هیئت علمی، گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اندیمشک، اندیمشک، ایران . [e-mail])
لیلا  کشفی ² (کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اندیمشک ، اندیمشک ، ایران)

Received: 2022-10-31 Accepted : 2023-01-12 Published : 2023-04-14

Keywords: cognitive flexibility, Marital infidelity, experiential avoidance, emotion management, Keywords: acceptance and commitment therapy,

Abstract :

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on emotion management, experiential avoidance and cognitive flexibility in women affected by marital infidelity who visited the counseling centers in Khorramabad. The statistical population included all women affected by marital infidelity who visited to counseling centers in Khorram Abad city in 2022. The research sample consisted of 30 women affected by marital infidelity. They were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people, experimental and control. The research design was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test-Follow-up type with control and experimental groups. To collect data, Garnevsky et al.'s (2001) cognitive emotion regulation questionnaires, Gams et al.'s (2011) experiential avoidance, Dennis and Vander Wall's (2010) cognitive flexibility questionnaires were used to analyze the data. One-way Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance were use (p<0.005), Acceptance and commitment therapy was performed in the form of 8 sessions of 90 minutes and once a week on the experimental group, and during this period, no intervention was performed on the control group The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in increasing emotion management and cognitive flexibility and reducing experiential avoidance.The findings showed that the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy had an effect on the average scores of emotion management, experiential avoidance and cognitive flexibility (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is effective on emotion management and flexibility Cognitive adaptability and experiential avoidance of women affected by marital infidelity are effective.

References:

منابع
ایزدی، مهوش، تقی زاده، محمد،احسان. ) 1400 (. اثر بخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی
(MBCT) بر تنظیم هیجانی و خودآگاهی دختران نوجوان. فصلنامه روانشناسی سلامت و رفتار
اجتماعی،
بیات، محسن، نریمانی، محمد، بشرپور، سجاد. ) 1398 (. بررسی تاثیر رفتار درمانی دیالکتیک با درمان
مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر تنظیم هیجان و روابط بین فردی در افراد بزرگسال مبتلاء به اختلال
بیش فعالی و نقص توجه. مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، 63 )ویژه
)روانشناسی((.
حسینی، سیده فرزانه، تنها، زهرا، کریمی، جواد، قدم پور، عزت الله. ) 1400 (. اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر
پذیرش و تعهد بر راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان و انعطاف پذیری شناختی بیماران گوارشی.
یافته، 23 ( 2 ،) 91 - 110 .
رویین تن، سجاد، آزادی، شهدخت، خرامین، شیر علی، بابویی، امین الله و صندوقچی، عزت. ) 1399 .)
اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر سلامت روان و اجتناب تجربه ای در بیماران PTSD .
مجله علوم پزشکی زانکو، 21 ( 70 ،) 21 - 31 .
سلطانی، اسماعیل، شاره، حسین، بحرینیان، سید عبدالمجید، فرمانی، اعظم. ) 1392 (. نقش واسطه ای
انعطاف پذیری شناختی در ارتباط بین سبکهای مقابله ای و تاب آوری با افسردگی.
پژوهنده، 92 ( 18 ،) 88 - 96 .
غلامی پور، لیلا، امینی، ناصر، شفیع ابادی، عبدالله، کیخسروانی، مولود. ) 1399 (. اثر بخشی درمان
مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد براجتناب تجربه ای مادران دارای کودکان اتیستیک. نشریه علمی زن و
فرهنگ، 12 ( 46 ،) 57 - 67 .
قلی زاده، بهزاد، قمری گیوی، حسین، صدری دمیرچی، اسماعیل. ) 1400 (. اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر
پذیرش و تعهد بر انعطاف پذیری شناختی و ولع مصرف در افراد وابسته به مواد. فصلنامه علمی
اعتیادپژوهی، 15 ( 59 ،) 205 - 226 .
ولی زاده، شاهرخ، مکوندی، بهنام، بختیارپور، سسعید، حافظی، فریبا. ) 1399 (. اثربخشی" درمان مبتنی
بر پذیرش و تعهد" بر تاب آوری و انعطاف پذیری شناختی در زندانیان. مدیریت ارتقای سلامت،
9( 4 ،) 78 - 89 .
فصلنامه پژوهش های کاربردی در علوم رفتاری/ 87
Barlow, D. H., Curreri, A. J., & Woodard, L. S. (2021). Neuroticism and disorders of emotion: A new synthesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(5), 410-417. Canas, J. J., Fajardo, I., & Salmeron, L. (2006). Cognitive flexibility. International encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors, 1, 297-301. Carvajal, B. P., Molina-Martínez, M. Á., Fernández-Fernández, V., Paniagua-Granados, T., Lasa-Aristu, A., & Luque-Reca, O. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) in Spanish older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 26(2), 413-422. Eres, R., Lim, M. H., Lanham, S., Jillard, C., & Bates, G. (2021). Loneliness and emotion regulation: Implications of having social anxiety disorder. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(1), 46-56. Eustis, E. H., Cardona, N., Nauphal, M., Sauer-Zavala, S., Rosellini, A. J., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2020). Experiential avoidance as a mechanism of change across cognitive-behavioral therapy in a sample of participants with heterogeneous anxiety disorders. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(2), 275-286. Fang, S., Ding, D., Ji, P., Huang, M., & Hu, K. (2022). Cognitive defusion and psychological flexibility predict negative body image in the chinese college students: evidence from acceptance and commitment therapy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16519.
Fernández-Jiménez, E., Vidal-Bermejo, E., Torrea-Araiz, I., Castellanos-Villaverde, T., & Navarro-Oliver, G. (2021). On gender and cognitive flexibility. The REM-ACT study: Acceptance and commitment therapy versus a mindfulness-based emotional regulation intervention in anxiety disorders. A randomized controlled trial. European Psychiatry, 64(S1), S786-S787.
Garnefski, N., Krajji, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2002). Manual for the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Netherlands: DATEC. Han, A., Yuen, H. K., & Jenkins, J. (2021). Acceptance and commitment therapy for family caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(1), 82-102. Hu, Z., Yu, H., Zou, J., Zhang, Y., Lu, Z., & Hu, M. (2021). Relationship among self‐injury, experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, anxiety, and depression in Chinese adolescent patients with nonsuicidal self‐injury. Brain and behavior, 11(12), e2419. Keinonen, K., Puolakanaho, A., Lappalainen, P., Lappalainen, R., & Kiuru, N. (2021). Developmental trajectories of experiential avoidance and depressive symptoms and association to health behaviors among adolescents during brief guided online acceptance and commitment therapy. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 22, 24-31. Moens, M., Jansen, J., De Smedt, A., Roulaud, M., Billot, M., Laton, J., ... & Goudman, L. (2022). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Increase Resilience in Chronic Pain Patients: A Clinical Guideline. Medicina, 58(4), 499. Ramaci, T., Bellini, D., Presti, G., & Santisi, G. (2019). Psychological flexibility and mindfulness as predictors of individual outcomes in hospital health workers. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1302. Silvers, J. A. (2022). Adolescence as a pivotal period for emotion regulation development. Current opinion in psychology, 44, 258-263. Fang, S., Ding, D., Ji, P., Huang, M., & Hu, K. (2022). Cognitive defusion and psychological flexibility predict negative body image in the chinese college students: evidence from acceptance and commitment therapy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16519.
بر مدیریت هیجان،… )ACT( 88 / اثر بخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد
St-Louis, A. C., Rapaport, M., Poirier, L. C., Vallerand, R. J., & Dandeneau, S. (2021). On emotion regulation strategies and well-being: The role of passion. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22(4), 1791-1818. Thompson, B. L., Twohig, M. P., & Luoma, J. B. (2021). Psychological flexibility as shared process of change in acceptance and commitment therapy and exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a single case design study. Behavior Therapy, 52(2), 286-297.
Zettel, B. (2023). Preventing Infidelity in the United States: A Premarital Counseling Resource. Doctoral dissertation, Regent University

_||_

Barlow, D. H., Curreri, A. J., & Woodard, L. S. (2021). Neuroticism and disorders of emotion: A new synthesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(5), 410-417. Canas, J. J., Fajardo, I., & Salmeron, L. (2006). Cognitive flexibility. International encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors, 1, 297-301. Carvajal, B. P., Molina-Martínez, M. Á., Fernández-Fernández, V., Paniagua-Granados, T., Lasa-Aristu, A., & Luque-Reca, O. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) in Spanish older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 26(2), 413-422. Eres, R., Lim, M. H., Lanham, S., Jillard, C., & Bates, G. (2021). Loneliness and emotion regulation: Implications of having social anxiety disorder. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(1), 46-56. Eustis, E. H., Cardona, N., Nauphal, M., Sauer-Zavala, S., Rosellini, A. J., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2020). Experiential avoidance as a mechanism of change across cognitive-behavioral therapy in a sample of participants with heterogeneous anxiety disorders. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(2), 275-286. Fang, S., Ding, D., Ji, P., Huang, M., & Hu, K. (2022). Cognitive defusion and psychological flexibility predict negative body image in the chinese college students: evidence from acceptance and commitment therapy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16519.
Fernández-Jiménez, E., Vidal-Bermejo, E., Torrea-Araiz, I., Castellanos-Villaverde, T., & Navarro-Oliver, G. (2021). On gender and cognitive flexibility. The REM-ACT study: Acceptance and commitment therapy versus a mindfulness-based emotional regulation intervention in anxiety disorders. A randomized controlled trial. European Psychiatry, 64(S1), S786-S787.
Garnefski, N., Krajji, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2002). Manual for the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Netherlands: DATEC. Han, A., Yuen, H. K., & Jenkins, J. (2021). Acceptance and commitment therapy for family caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(1), 82-102. Hu, Z., Yu, H., Zou, J., Zhang, Y., Lu, Z., & Hu, M. (2021). Relationship among self‐injury, experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, anxiety, and depression in Chinese adolescent patients with nonsuicidal self‐injury. Brain and behavior, 11(12), e2419. Keinonen, K., Puolakanaho, A., Lappalainen, P., Lappalainen, R., & Kiuru, N. (2021). Developmental trajectories of experiential avoidance and depressive symptoms and association to health behaviors among adolescents during brief guided online acceptance and commitment therapy. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 22, 24-31. Moens, M., Jansen, J., De Smedt, A., Roulaud, M., Billot, M., Laton, J., ... & Goudman, L. (2022). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Increase Resilience in Chronic Pain Patients: A Clinical Guideline. Medicina, 58(4), 499. Ramaci, T., Bellini, D., Presti, G., & Santisi, G. (2019). Psychological flexibility and mindfulness as predictors of individual outcomes in hospital health workers. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 1302. Silvers, J. A. (2022). Adolescence as a pivotal period for emotion regulation development. Current opinion in psychology, 44, 258-263. Fang, S., Ding, D., Ji, P., Huang, M., & Hu, K. (2022). Cognitive defusion and psychological flexibility predict negative body image in the chinese college students: evidence from acceptance and commitment therapy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24), 16519.
بر مدیریت هیجان،… )ACT( 88 / اثر بخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد
St-Louis, A. C., Rapaport, M., Poirier, L. C., Vallerand, R. J., & Dandeneau, S. (2021). On emotion regulation strategies and well-being: The role of passion. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22(4), 1791-1818. Thompson, B. L., Twohig, M. P., & Luoma, J. B. (2021). Psychological flexibility as shared process of change in acceptance and commitment therapy and exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a single case design study. Behavior Therapy, 52(2), 286-297.
Zettel, B. (2023). Preventing Infidelity in the United States: A Premarital Counseling Resource. Doctoral dissertation, Regent University