Effect of zinc and boron spray on quantitative and qualitative characters of Effect of zinc and boron spray on quantitative and qualitative characters of seed corn ( KSC 704 )

Subject Areas : crop production

kianoush safari ¹ , فرهاد صادقی ² , احمد قنبری ³

1 - Ph.D. Student of Crop Physiology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
2 - استادیار اصلاح نباتات، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش گشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه.، ایران.
3 - دانشگاه زابل دانشکده کشاورزی گروه زراعت

Received: 2014-07-16 Accepted : 2015-02-19 Published : 2015-10-03

Keywords: corn , foliar application , grain yield and quality , zinc,

Abstract :

To evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc and boron fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain maize, an experiment was conducted with two factors using factorial in a randomized complete block design in Sar-e Pol-e Zahab. The first factor was zinc in four levels ( zero, 0.7, 1.4 and 2.1 kg/ha-1 ) and the second factor was boron in four levels ( zero, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 kg/ha ). Summary results showed that the effect of zinc and boron factors were significant on the stem diameter, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight, leaf area index, the amount of zinc and boron in the grain, protein percent and yield and grain yield at the 1% level statically. By increasing the amount of zinc fertilizer consumption, increased the stem diameter, leaf area index, number of kernel per row, 100 kernel weight, the amount of Zn and B in the grain, the amount of protein in the grain and the grain yield. The highest and lowest grain yield belonged to 2.1 kg/ha of Zinc and without the consumption of Zinc fertilizer treatments with 9.560 and 8.000 t ha-1 respectively. The 0.6 kg/ha of boron fertilizer treatment had greatest effect on the stem diameter with 28.9mm, leaf area index with 3.89, seed depth with 11.67 mm, number of kernels per row, with 41 grain and grain yield with 9.43t/ha, and this treatment was the best one. The effect of Zn and B fertilizer interaction on the yield and yield components showed that the treatment of 2.1 kg/ha oh zinc × 0.6 kg/ha boron was superior for all traits such as grain yield with 10.93 t/ha.

References:

 Anonymous. 1981-1999. Annual breeding Reports of the corn and forage crops, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Publication of seed Plant Improvement Institute. Pages 226.
 Babaeian, M., M. Heidari and A. Ghanbari. 2010. Effect of water stress and foliar micronutrient application on physiological characteristics and nutrient uptake in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 12 (4): 311-391.
 Bingham, F.T. 1982. Boron. In: Page, A.L. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, Am. Soc. Argon. Madison, WI. pp. 431-448.
 Dass, DK. 2000. Micronutrients: their behavior in soils and plants. Kaylan Publishers, New Delhi, India, 307 p.
 Dornescu, D., Z. Istrait and L.Tiganas. 1992. Studies on the Utilization of foliar Fertilizer by main crops. Correction Agronomic in Mod ova. 25: 1, 129-143.
 El-Badawy, M. El. M. and S.A.S. Mehasen. 2011. Multivariate analysis for yield and its components in maize under zinc and nitrogen fertilization levels. Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci. 5(12): 3008-3015.
 Jaleel, C.A., P. Manivanannan, A.M. Wahid, H.J. Froog, R. AL-Juburi and R. Somasundaram. 2009. Drought stress in plant: A review on morphological characterizes and pigments composition. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 11: 100-105.
 Ghaffari, A., A. Ali, M. Tahir, M. W aseem, M. Ayub, A. Iqbal and A.U. Mohsin. 2011. Influence of integrated nutrients on growth, yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.). Am. J. Plant Sci. 2: 63 -69.
 Gorban, A.N., L.I. Pokidysheva,•E,V. Smirnova and T.A. Tyukina. 2011 Law of the Minimum Paradoxes, Bull Math Biol 73(9): 2013-2044.
 Gunes, A., A. Inal, M. Alpaslan, F. Eraslan, EG. Bagci and N. Cicek. 2007. Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters symptomatic for oxidative stress and mineral nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) grown under salinity. Plant Physiol. 164:728–736.
 Harris, D., D. Rashid, G. Miraj, M. Arif and H. Shah. 2007. ‘On-farm’ seed priming with zinc sulphate solution – a cost-effective way to increase the maize yields of resource-poor farmers. Field Crops Research.102: 119-127.
 Kanwal, S., Rahmatullah, A.M. Ranjha and R. Ahmad. 2010. Zinc partitioning in maize grain after soil fertilization with zinc sulfate. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 12: 299-302.
 Kenkel, J. 1994. Analytical Chemistry for Technicians, 2nd ed.; Lewis: Boca Raton, FL, pp 289–297.
 Khalil Mahaleh, J. and M. Roshdi. 2008. Effect of low -used elements spraying on qualitative and quantitative properties of silo corn 704 in Khoy, Seed and Plant, 24, pp. 281-293.
 Mahler, RL. 2010. Boron in Idaho agricultural experiment station. From http// www.cals.uidaho.edu/edcomm/pdf/CIS/CIS1085.pdf. Accessed on 22/6/2011.
 Malakoui, M.J., B. Keshavarz and N. Karimian. 2009. A comprehensi ve approach towards identification of nutrient deficiencies and optimal fertilization for sustainable agriculture. Tarbiat Modarres University Publ.755.
 Malvar, R.A., P. Revilla, J. Moreno-Gonzلlez, A. Butron, J. Sotelo and A. Ordls. 2008. of Quality and Agronomic Performance. Crop Sci., 48(4): 1373-1381.
 Panhwar, Q. A., O. Radziah, YM. Khanif and UA. Naher. 2011. Application of boron and zinc in the tropical soils and its effect on maize (Zea mays l.) growth and soil microbial environment Australian Journal of Crop Sciences. 5(12):1649-1654.
 Prasad, R. 2012. Micro mineral nutrient deficiencies in humans, animals and plants and their amelioration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. 82: 225-233.
 Safyan, N., M.R. Naderidarbaghshahi and B. Bahari. 2012. The effect of microelements spraying on growth, qualitative and quantitative grain corn in Iran. Int. R. J. Appl. Basic Sci. 3(S): 2780-2784
 Saleem, M., Y. M. Khanif, F. Ishak, A.W. Samsuri and B. Hafeez. 2011. Importance of Boron for Agriculture Productivity: A Review. Int Res J Agric Sci Soil Sci. 1(8):293-300.
 Seifi-Nadergholi, M., M. Yarnia and K.F. Rahimzade. 2011. Effect of zinc and manganese and their application method on yield and yield components of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Middle-East J. Sci. Res. 8(5): 859-865.
 Siddiqui, M.H., F.C. Oad, M. K. Abbasi and A.W. Gandahi. 2009. Zinc and boron fertility to optimize physiological parameters, nutrient uptake and seed yield of sunflower. Sarhad J.Agric.25(1): 53-57
 Shoeib, M. M. and A. El Sayed. 2003. Response of "Thompson Seedless" grape vines to the spray of some nutrients and citric acid. Minia J. Agric. Res. Dev. 23 (4): 681-698.
 Soleimani, R. 2012. Cumulative and residual effects of zinc sulfate on grain yield, zinc, iron, and copper concentration in corn and wheat, J. Plant Nutr. 35(1): 85-92.
 Tahir, M., N. Fiaz, M.A. Nadeem, F. Khalid and M. Ali. 2009. Effect of different chelated zinc sources on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Soil Environ. 28:179 -183.
 Tariq, M. and A. Rafiullah. 2008. Boron-manganese interactions on the availability y of each to maize crop. Ann Agrarian Sci: 6(2):28-32.
 Wei, X., M. Hao, M. Shao and WJ. Gale. 2006. Changes in soil properties and the availability of soil micronutrients after 18 years of cropping and fertilization. Soil Tillage Research. 91: 120-130.

 Watson, D.J. 1952. The physiological basis of varieties in yield. Adv Agron., 4:101-145.