Effect of Dietary Administration of Betaine and Natozim Multi-Enzyme on Growth, Indices and Growth Hormone Gene (GH) in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Subject Areas :mohammad homyoni 1 , mohammad reza Imanpour 2 , roghieh safari 3
1 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
Keywords:
Abstract :
Inroduction & Objective: Enzymes and food attractants are the ingredients used to improve the nutritional status of fish in recent years. In this experiment the effect of dietary administration of betaine and Natozim multi-enzyme on growth indices (Weight gain, SGR and FCR) and growth hormone gene expression (GH) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated. Materials and Methods: For this purpose 180 fish with average weight of 19.5±0.5 gr, were fed diets supplemented with 3 different levels of 0, 1 and 1.5% in combination with 0, 250 and 500 mg/l for 8 weeks. At the end of feeding trial, growth indices were assessed. RNA extracted from brain, cDNA synthesized using Suprime script RTase kit and Real-time PCR were done using GH primers.Results: Results showed no significant difference growth indices and GH expression gene in fish fed betaine (P>0.05). However, with increasing the amount of Natozim multi-enzyme from 250 to 500 mg in the non-betaine condition, there was a significant increase (P
1-عادلیان،م.، ایمانپور، تقی زاده، م.، مازندرانی،م. 1392. استفاده ازمولتی آنزیم ناتوزیم درجیره غذایی ماهی کپورمعمولی(Cyprinus carpio) و تأثیر آن بر شاخص گنادوسوماتیک(GSI). دومین همایش ملی شیلات وآبزیان ایران. دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد بندرعباس.
2-عادلیان، م.، ایمانپور، تقی زاده، م.، مازندرانی، م. 1395. استفاده از مولتی آنزیم ناتوزیم درجیره غذایی ماهی کپور معمولی(Cyprinus carpio) و اثرات آن بر شاخص های رشد و برخی از فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی خون. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی محیط زیست جانوری. سال هشتم، شماره2، ص214-207.
3-فروهر واجارگاه، م.، محمدی یلسونی، ا.، رضائی، ح. 1395. تاثیر استفاده از مولتی آنزیم ناتوزیم بر شاخص بقای کپورمعمولی(Cyprinus carpio) در مواجهه با غلظت های مختلف سم آبامکتین. مجله بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان. جلد پنجم، شماره4، صفحه 23-13.
4-یعقوب فر، ا.، شریفی، د.، گلستانی میلانو، گ. 1393. اثرات آنزیم ناتوزیم پلاس بر انرژی قابل سوخت ساز و قابلیت هضم پروتئین جیره های حاوی دانه گندم و کنجاله کلزا در جوجه های گوشتی. پژوهش های تولید اتدامی. سال پنجم، شماره10، ص 68-57.
5.Abed ali, H., AL-Faragi, J. (2017). Efficiency of betaine and β-glucan as feed additives on the growth performance and survival rate of common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)fingerlings. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(4); 27-31.
6.Ai, Q., Mai, K., Zhang, L., Tan, B., Zhang, W., Xu, W., and Li, H. (2007). Effects of dietary β-1, 3 glucan on innate immune response of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciae nacrocea). Fish and Shellfish, 394-402.
7.Awad, E., Cerezuela, R., Esteban, M. A. (2015). Effects of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum graecum) on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) immune status and growth performance. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 45(2); 454-464.
8.Beklevik, G., Polat, A. (2001). Effects of DL alanine and betaine supplemented diets on the growth and body composition of fingerling rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, W. 1972). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 25; 301-307.
9.Biswas, P., Patel, A., Saha, H. (2018). Effect of dietary incorporation of chemo-attractants on growth and survival during seed rearing of (Ompokbim aculatus). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18; 491-499.
10.Edivaldo, B. N., Rodrigo, E. B., Robson, F. C., & Helton, C. D. (2006). Effects of betaine on the growth of the fish piauçu(Leporinus microcephalus). Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 49; 757-762.
11.Fekrandish, H., Abedian, A.M., Matinfar, A. (2010). Influence of betaine andmethionine in the diet for stimulating food intake of Indian white shrimp(Fenneropenaeu sindicus), Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 73;136-147.
12.Lin, S., Mai, K., Tan, B. (2007). Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets on growth and feedutilization in tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus). Aquaculture Research, 38; 1645-1653.
13.Loguercio, C., Federico, A., Trappoliere, M., Tuccillo, C., de Sio I., Di Leva, B. (2007). The effect of a silybin vitamin E phospho lipid complex on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot study. DigestiveDiseases and Science, 52; 2387-2395.
14.Mazandarani, M., Taghizadeh, A., Adelian, M., Imanpour, M. (2009). The useof natuzyme multi-enzyme in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diet and its effect on gonado somatic index. Second National Conference on Fisheries andAquaculture in Iran, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, Iran.
15.Murthy, H., Manai, A., Patil, P. (2016). Effect of betaine hydrochloride as feed attractant on growth, survival and feed utilization of common carp(Cyprinus carpio). Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology, 4(3); 1-4.
16.Niroomand, M., Sajadi, M.M., Yahyavi, M., Asadi, M. (2011). Effects of dietary betaineon growth, survival, body composition and resistance of fry rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) under environmental stress, Iranian Scientific FisheriesJournal, 20(1); 39-47.
17.Ramakers, C,. Ruijter, JM., Deprez, RH., Moorman, AF. (2003). Assumption-free analysis of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) data. Neuroscience Letters, 339(1); 62-66.
18.Ritz, C.W., Hulet, R.M., Self, B.B., Denbow, D.M. (1995). Growth and intestinal morphology of male turkeys as influenced by dietary supplementation of amylase and xylanase. Poultry science, 74(8); 1329-1334.
19.Safari, R., Hoseinifar, S.H., Nezhadmoghadam, SH., Jafar Node, A. (2016). Transciptomic study of mucosal immune, antioxidant and growth related genes and non-specific immune response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed dietary Ferula (Ferula assafoetida). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 1-16.
20.Selle, P. H., Ravindran, V., Pittolo, P. H. &Bryden, W. L. (2003). Effects of phytase supplementation ofdiets with two tiers of nutrient specifications on growth performance and protein efficiency ratios ofbroiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J AnimSci, 16, 1158-1164.
21.Shankar, R., Shivananda Murthy, H., Prakash, P., Thanuja, K. (2008). Effect of Betaine as a feed attractant on growth, survival, and feed utilization in fingerlingsof the indian major carp(Labeorohita). The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 60(20); 95-99.
22.Soltan, M.A. ( 2009). Effect of dietary fish meal replacement by poultry by-product meal with different grain source and enzyme supplementation on performance, feces recovery, body composition and nutrient balance of Nile Tilapia. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8(4); 395-407.
23.Sudagar, M., Azari, TakamiGh., Pnomarev, C.A., Mahmoudzadeh, H., Abedian, A., Hosseini S.A. (2005). The effects of different dietary levels of betaine and methionine as attractant on the growth factor and survival rate of juvenile beluga (Huso huso), Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 14(2);41-50.
24.Zaghari, M., Majdeddin, M., Taherkhani, R. &Moravej, H. (2008). Estimation of nutrient equivalencyvalues of natuzyme and its effects on broiler chick performance. J App Poult Res, 17; 446-453.
25.Zakipour Rahimabadi, E., Akbari, M., Arshadi, A., Effatpanah, E. (2012). Effect of
different levels of dietary betaine on growth performance, food efficiency and survival rate of pike perch(Sander lucioperca) fingerlings. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 11(4); 902-910.
26.Zamini, A.; Kanani, H.; Esmaeili, A.; Ramezani, S., ZorieZahara, S. (2012). Effects of two dietary exogenous multi-enzyme supplementation, natuzyme and beta-mannanase(hemicell), on growth and blood parameters of Caspian salmon (Salmo truttacaspius). Comparative Clinical Pathology, 55; 1-6.
27.Yildirim, Y.B., Turan, F. (2010). Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets on growth and feed utilization in african catfish(Clarias gariepinus). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2; 327-33
_||_