The Effect of Body Mass Index, Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Successful aging with the mediating role of Quality of Life in the Elderly with type2 Diabetes

Subject Areas : social psychology

Mahin Exir ¹ , Zohreh Raisi ² , Hossein Ali Mehrabi ³ , Mohammad Soltanizadeh ⁴

1 - Department of Psychology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychology, Najafabad Branch. Islamic Azad University. Najafabad .Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Iran

Received: 2021-01-05 Accepted : 2021-04-05 Published : 2020-03-20

Keywords: Body Mass Index# Tobacco# Alcohol# Successful Aging# Quality of Life# Diabetes,

Abstract :

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption on successful aging mediated by quality of life in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all elderly people aged 60 years and older with type 2 diabetes covered by health centers in Shiraz in 1398, from which 593 people were selected by available sampling method in two stages. In this study, the tools of brief cognitive status test (Fulstein et al., 1975), physical function questionnaire (Bartel, 1965), and for successful aging, social welfare questionnaire (Keys, 2004), spiritual health questionnaire (Polutzon and Allison, 1982). Life satisfaction (Diner, 1985) and quality of life questionnaire (Thomas, 1986) were used, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. SPSS-V23 and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling was also used to answer the research hypotheses. Findings showed that the model was confirmed by model fit at the intermediate level. The results also showed that no significant relationship was observed between the variables of body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption and successful aging mediated by quality of life. Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables in prevention and designing more appropriate treatments will help researchers and therapists in the elderly with diabetes. Subsequent results of the study showed that there is an inverse and insignificant relationship between alcohol consumption in the elderly with type 2 diabetes and successful aging with mediated quality of life. Among the problems of different countries, especially developing countries, is the association of the phenomenon of population transition with epidemiological transition. In this way, at the same time as passing from a young population with high fertility and death to a population with low fertility and death, by implementing a program to fight infectious diseases and promote education and health, the pattern of community diseases in favor of chronic diseases such as diabetes Has changed

References:

اهری، مهدی. (1392). بررسی میزان سلامت اجتماعی در بین دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد و پیام نور اهر. پایان نامه کارشناسی دانشگاه پیام نور، اهر.

باباپور، جلیل؛ طوسی، فهیمه و حکمتی، عیسی. (1388). بررسی نقش عوامل تعیین کننده در سلامت اجتماعی دانشجویان دانشگاه تبریز. پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی، 4 (16)، 19-1.

باستانی، فریده و بیگی بروجنی، پروانه. (1398). ارتباط احساس پیری با استقلال عملکردی در سالمندان مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو. نشریه پرستاری ایران، 32 (117)، 23-7.

بیانی، علی اصغر؛ کوچکی، عاشور محمد و گودرزی، حسنیه. (1386). اعتبار و روایی مقیاس رضایت از زندگی. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی روانشناسی تحولی، روانشناسان ایرانی، 3 (11)، 265-259.

تقربی، ز؛ تقربی، ل؛ شریفی، خ و سوکی، ز. (1387). رابطه امید به زندگی و بهزیستی روان شناختی با کیفیت زندگی سالمندان. مجله روانشناسی پیری، 1 (1)، 65-57.

شمسی پور دهکردی، پروانه؛ انتظاری، مرضیه و صحاف، رباب. (1396). اثربخشی فعالیت جسمانی بر انعطاف پذیری شناختی و کمالگرایی سالمندان. مجله سالمندی ایران، 12 (4)، 413-402.

عسگری، پرویز؛ روشنی، خدیجه و مهری آدربانی، مریم. (1388). رابطه اعتقادات مذهبی و خوش بینی با سلامت معنوی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اهواز. یافته های نو در روانشناسی، 10 01)، 39-27.

معتمدی، عبدالله. (1384). نقش رویدادهای زندگی در سالمندی موفق. مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی دانشگاه شیراز، 22 (4)، 16-1.

نصیحت کن، علی اصغر؛ پیشوا، علیرضا؛ حبیب زاده، فرخ؛ طباطبایی، مژگان؛ قشقایی زاده، میترا؛ حجت، فاطمه و حفیظی، ایمان. (1391). تعیین پایایی و روایی پرسشنامه کلینیکی خلاصه شده کیفیت زندگی بیماران دیابتی به زبان فارسی. مجله دیابت و متابولیسم ایران، 11 (5)، 483-487.

Ajmera, P., & Jain, V. (2019). Modeling the factors affecting the quality of life in diabetic patients in India using total interpretive structural modeling. Benchmarking: An International Journal.

Alrub, A. A., Hyassat, D., Khader, Y. S., Bani-Mustafa, R., Younes, N., & Ajlouni, K. (2019). Factors associated with health-related quality of life among Jordanian patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Journal of diabetes research, 2019.

Barry, P. P. (2000). An overview of special considerations in the evaluation and management of the geriatric patient. The American journal of gastroenterology, 95(1), 8-10.

Beach, S. R., Dogan, M. V., Lei, M. K., Cutrona, C. E., Gerrard, M., Gibbons, F. X., ... & Philibert, R. A. (2015). Methylomic aging as a window onto the influence of lifestyle: tobacco and alcohol use alter the rate of biological aging. Journal of the American geriatrics society, 63(12), 2519-2525.

Blohm, L. M. (2020). Expectations of Aging and Goals as Motivation for Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management in Individuals with Early Diagnosis.

Chen, L., Ye, M., & Kahana, E. (2020). A self-reliant umbrella: Defining successful aging among the old-old (80+) in Shanghai. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 39(3), 242-249.

Cioncoloni, D., Innocenti, I., Bartalini, S., Santarnecchi, E., Rossi, S., Rossi, A., & Ulivelli, M. (2014). Individual factors enhance poor health-related quality of life outcome in multiple sclerosis patients. Significance of predictive determinants. Journal of the neurological sciences, 345(1-2), 213-219.

Cotten, S. R. (2017). Examining the roles of technology in aging and quality of life. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 72(5), 823-826.

Dahany, M. M., Dramé, M., Mahmoudi, R., Novella, J. L., Ciocan, D., Kanagaratnam, L., ... & Jolly, D. (2014). Factors associated with successful aging in persons aged 65 to 75 years. European Geriatric Medicine, 5(6), 365-370.

Giannoulis, K., & Giannouli, V. (2020). Subjective Quality of Life, Religiousness, and Spiritual Experience in Greek Orthodox Christians: Data from Healthy Aging and Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. In GeNeDis 2018 (pp. 85-91). Springer, Cham.

Golja, K., Daugherty, A. M., & Kavcic, V. (2020). Cognitive Reserve and Depression Predict Subjective Reports of Successful Aging. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 104137.

Guaraldi, G., Milic, J., & Wu, A. W. (2019). What is the measure of success in HIV? The fourth 90: quality of life or healthy aging?. European Geriatric Medicine, 10(2), 267-274.

Jyväkorpi, S. K., Urtamo, A., Strandberg, A. Y., von Bonsdorff, M., Salomaa, V., Kivimäki, M., ... & Strandberg, T. E. (2020). Associations of overweight and metabolic health with successful aging: 32-year follow-up of the Helsinki Businessmen Study. Clinical Nutrition, 39(5), 1491-1496.

Kim, H. S., Kim, H. K., Kang, K. O., & Kim, Y. S. (2019). Determinants of health‐related quality of life among outpatients with acute coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 16(1), 3-16.

Laforest, L., Van Ganse, E., Ritleng, C., Desamericq, G., Letrilliart, L., Moreau, A., ... & Chamba, G. (2009). Correlates of quality of life of pre-obese and obese patients: a pharmacy-based cross-sectional survey. BMC public health, 9(1), 337.

Lafortune, L., Martin, S., Kelly, S., Kuhn, I., Remes, O., Cowan, A., & Brayne, C. (2016). Behavioural risk factors in mid-life associated with successful ageing, disability, dementia and frailty in later life: a rapid systematic review. PloS one, 11(2), e0144405.

Lavretsky, H. (2020). Health, Resilience, and Successful Aging in the Older US Veterans. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.

Neeland, I. J., & de Lemos, J. A. (2020). Aging and Diabetes: Shifting the Risk Trajectory With High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponins. Diabetes Care, 43(6), 1172-1174.

Rasheed, S., & Woods, R. T. (2013). Malnutrition and quality of life in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing research reviews, 12(2), 561-566.

Schorr, A. V., & Khalaila, R. (2018). Aging in place and quality of life among the elderly in Europe: A moderated mediation model. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 77, 196-204.

Singh‐Manoux, A., Sabia, S., Bouillon, K., Brunner, E. J., Grodstein, F., Elbaz, A., & Kivimaki, M. (2014). Association of body mass index and waist circumference with successful aging. Obesity, 22(4), 1172-1178.

Strawbridge, W. J., Cohen, R. D., Shema, S. J., & Kaplan, G. A. (1996). Successful aging: predictors and associated activities. American journal of epidemiology, 144(2), 135-141.

Tkatch, R., Musich, S., MacLeod, S., Kraemer, S., Hawkins, K., Wicker, E. R., & Armstrong, D. G. (2017). A qualitative study to examine older adults' perceptions of health: Keys to aging successfully. Geriatric Nursing, 38(6), 485-490.

Tzioumis, E., Avila, J., & Adair, L. S. (2019). Determinants of Successful Aging in a Cohort of Filipino Women. Geriatrics, 4(1), 12.

Weiland, T. J., Hadgkiss, E. J., Jelinek, G. A., Pereira, N. G., Marck, C. H., & van der Meer, D. M. (2014). The association of alcohol consumption and smoking with quality of life, disability and disease activity in an international sample of people with multiple sclerosis. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 336(1-2), 211-219.

World Health Organization. (2019). Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013–2020.

Wu, F. L., Tai, H. C., & Sun, J. C. (2019). Self-management experience of middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study. Asian nursing research, 13(3), 209-215.

Zhang, K., Zhang, W., Wu, B., & Liu, S. (2020). Anxiety about aging, resilience and health Status among Chinese older adults: Findings from Honolulu and Wuhan. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 88, 104015.