Feasibility of achieving peace in Korean Peninsula in radiance of the "Peace Initiative"

Subject Areas : International Relations

Rauf Rahimi ¹ , marzieh sadat Alvand ²

1 - Assistant professor at University of Bojnoord
2 - Assistant professor at University of Bojnord

Received: 2020-03-24 Accepted : 2021-03-04 Published : 2021-03-04

Keywords: North Korea, South Korea, Moon Jae in, Peace Initiative, Berlin Doctorin,

Abstract :

Korea's division into North Korea and South Korea was the result of the victory of the Allies in World War II in 1945 and the end of 35 years of domination of Japan over Korea until eventually became an independent Korean government. Soviet's lack of cooperation with the UN program ultimately led to the formation of a Soviet-backed communist state in the north and a pro-Western state in the south. The claim of sovereignty over the whole peninsula of Korea by both governments led to the Korean War in 1950 and temporary Peace in 1953was established with the interference of the Great Powers. Since the end of the Korean War, the aspiration for peace and the unification of the two Koreas has led to a lot of political evolutions on the Korean Peninsula. So the main question in the present paper is what was the role of the current President of South Korea, Moon Jae-in, in the Korean Peninsula Peace Initiative with regard to the context of the unification of the two Koreas?Moon Jae-in, in contrast to the policy of pervious presidents is trying to manage internal issues in Korea for trust building between two Koreas and North Korea and U.S, and fulfiling peace in Korean peninsula at the same time with Negotiations on disarmament between the United States and North Korea.This seems to be due to relating peninsula peace to nuclear disarmamnent and North Korea's concern of endangering its position in strategic rivalry with South Korea.

References:

• شاهنده، بهزاد و جواد طاهایی (1383). چین نو: دنگ شیائوپینگ و اصلاحات، تهران: مرکز تحقیقات استراتژیک، مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام.


• دوئرتی، جیمز، فالتزگراف، رابرت (1396). نظریه های متعارض در روابط بین الملل، ترجمه علیرضا طیب و وحید بزرگی، تهران: نشر قومس.


• Bell, Christine (2006). "Eace Agreements: Their Nature and Legal Status", in The American Journal of International Law, vol. 100, no. 2.


• Bonnie S., Glaser (2018), "For China, One Of The Greatest Risks Of Trump-Kim Talks Is Being Sidelined",NPR.


• Christopher, Bodeen (2017), "China Tightens Border Controls with N. Korea: U.S. Diplomat", USA Today, https://www.usatoday.com/


• CBC News. (2013) "North Korea calls nuclear weapons 'nation's life", CBC News


• Congressional research service. (2018). "A Peace Treaty with North Korea"? , Congressional Research Service


• USIP Senior Study Group Report, (2019). "China’s Role in North Korea Nuclear and Peace Negotiations",United States Institute of Peace.


• Dae-j., K. (2000). "Lessons of German Reunification and the Korean Peninsula", Le Monde Diplomatique


• Eun H., S. (2006). "The Sociopolitical Organism: The Religious Dimensions of Juche Philosophy" ,Princeton UP.


• Galtung, J.(1996) "Peace by peaceful means: peace and conflict, development and civilization",


• Sage Publications.


• Guen-H., P. (2014) "An Initiative for Peaceful Unification on the Korean Peninsula. Dresden - beyond division, toward integration, The Yonhap News


• Gerard Ruggie,John(1993)"Multilateralism:The anatomy of an institution"New York: Columbia University press.


• Rick, Noack (2018), "China's Official Release on Kim Jong Un's Visit, Annotated", The Washington Post.


• Harbom, Lotta and Peter Wallensteen (2009) "Armed Conflicts, 1946-2008", in Journal of Peace Research, vol. 46, no. 4.


• Hemmings, J., & Yan, K. (2018)"Tat and Pacheco Pardo, Ramon for The Diplomat Achieving Peace on the Korean Peninsula", https://www.cnbc.com/


• Inter-Korean Summit. (2018a). "Vision and Characteristics of Moon’s Policy, Priority on Peace", Peace House, Panmunjeom.


• Inter-Korean Summit. (2018b)" President Moon Jae-in’s Policy on the Korean Peninsula, , Peace House, Panmunjeom.


• "Inter-Korean Summit Preparation Committee" (2018), www.korea.net.


• Jae-in, M. (2017)" Körber Global Leaders Dialogue with President Moon Jae-In in Berlin", Korber Foundation, Berlin.


• Jayshree, B. & Beina, X. (2013)"The China-North Korea Relationship, Council on Foreign Relations.


• "Join Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula" (2018) https://peacemaker.un.org/


• June 15 Joint Declaration. (2000)"Joint declaration adopted between North Korea and South Korea following the Summit Meet between Kim Dae-jung and Kim Jong-il", South-North Joint Declaration.


• Jervis, Robert(1978)"Cooperation under the security dilemma" World politics,30(2)Vanvary.


• Koreatimes, (2013)" NK says will retain nukes until US ends Hostile Policy", http://www.koreatimes.com.


• Kelly, R. (2010) "How to respond if North Korea really sank that SK Destroyer: ‘Sell’ Southern Strategic Restraint to China for Pressure on the North", Asian Security Blog.


• Kelly, R. (2012)"Strategic Patience"?, Newsweek Korea, http://asiansecurityblog.wordpress.com/


• Kelly, R. (2013a) "Don’t Sweat the Closure of Kaesong, Diplomat", http://thediplomat.com/


• Kelly, R. (2013b)"North Korea is the Boy who Cried Wolf: There will be No War", Diplomat, http://thediplomat.com/


• Kelly, R. (2013c)"Why the West Should Relax about China, Diplomat", http://thediplomat.com/


• Kinzer, S. (2018)"Hoisting the False Flag",https://www.bostonglobe.com/


• Klingner, B. (2018) "Pyongyang Summit Declaration Strays from Denuclearization Goals", https://thediplomat.com.


• Knight, C. (2018) "The Inter-Korean Summit Declaration of April 27, 2018: a review in detail", Inter-Korean Summit Preparation Committee. www.korea.net.


• Koreans have released their own version. (2017) http://www.timbeal.net.


• "Korean Relations, Peace and Prosperity" (2007). October 4, https://www.usip.org/


• Kyung A. P., & Scott S. (2012)"North Korea in transition: politics, economy, and society", New York: Rowman and Littlefield.


• McEachern, P. (2010)" Inside the red box: North Korea's post-totalitarian politics", New York: Columbia University Press.


• B. R. (2011) "The cleanest race: how north koreans see themselves and why it matters", New York: Melville.


• Natsios, A. (2002)"The great north korean famine", Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace.


• Nozick, Rober ( 1974) "Anarchy, State And Utopia", Oxford: Basil Balckwell.


• Overholt,W. H.(2019) North Korea: Peace? Nuclear War?: Foreward, Overview, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government.


• Panda, A. (2018a) "What to Watch for at the Fifth Inter-Korean Summit" https://thediplomat.com/


• Panda, A. (2018b)" Fifth Inter-Korean Summit Scheduled for September 2018: What to Expect", The Diplomat.


• Panda, A. (2018c)" Where do inter-Korean peace talks go from here?" .https://www.cnbc.com.


• "Panmunjeom Declaration for Peace, Prosperity and Reunification of the Korean Peninsula", (2018), http://www.korea.net/


• Rummel,R.J.(1981)."What Is Peace", California: Sage.


• The Washington Times Weekly .(2018)"China, Loser in Trump-Korea ,Talks"The Washington Times Weekly, https://www.pressreader.com/


• The Yonhap News, (2017)"S. Korea rejects N.K. claim Seoul not stakeholder to nuke issue", The Yonhap News.


• Victor, C. (2011)"China’s Newest Province", New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com.


• Wallensteen, Peter (2007) "Understanding Conflict Resolution" Lon - don; Thousand Oaks, Sage.


• Xiaodon, Liang (2017)"The Six-Party Talks at a Glance", Arms Control Association, https://www.armscontrol.org/