The conidial dispersion of Beauvaria bassiana in date by larval and adult stages of Sawtoothed Beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis

Subject Areas : Plant Protection

Masoud Latifian ¹ , Ebrahim Solimannejadian ² , Mehran Ghazavi ³

1 -
2 -
3 -

Received: 2010-05-15 Accepted : 2010-11-16 Published : 2009-12-22

Keywords:

Abstract :

Beauvaria bassiana (Buls.) Vuill. is one of the Sawtoothed beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), pathogens in date stored condition. The ability of different developmental stages of the beetle to disperse the fungus primary inoculums in three date cultivars Sayer, Zahedi and Deiri were studied. The individual dispersal functions as spore dispersal power and cross infestation rate as spore dispersal rate were calculated. Results showed that there were significant differences in spore dispersal ability by larval and adult stages and in three studied date cultivars. The slope of individual dispersal functions for different developmental stages were negative that indicating the reduction of primary inoculums of pathogen by distance. The rate of primary inoculums transmission was reduced by time also. So, the maximum of dispersal occurred in first days of inoculation. Maximum spore dispersal occurred on Deiri and its amount was similar in Sayer and Zahedi. The adults were more effective on dispersal of primary inoculums on date than the larvae. Conidial dispersion on date wasn't aggressive and the fungi conidia were dispersed on all sites of stored date. Dispersal rate by adults was faster than larvae. 

References:

Alexander, V. I., Shternshis. M.V., & Kuzminov. S.V., 2004. Exploration into a mechanism of transgenerational transmission of nucleopolyhedrovirus in Lymanteria dispar in western Siberia. Biocontrol, 4(4):441-454.

Boucias, D.G., Pendland J.C., & Latge. J.P., 1998. Nonspecific factors involved in attachment of entomopathogenic Deuteromycetes to host insect cuticle. Applied  & Envitonmental Microbiology, 54(7): 1795-1805.

Butt, T., Jackson M.C., & Magan N. 2001. Fungi as Biocontrol Agents: Progress, Problems and Potential. CABI Publisher.

Dowd, P.F., & Vega, F.E., 2003. Autodissemination of Beauveria bassiana by Sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) to overwintering sites. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 13(1): 65-75.

Dromph, K.M. 2001. Dispesal of entomopathogenic fungi by collembolans. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(15): 2047-2051.

Duke, L.D., Steinkraus., C., English., J.E., & Smith., K.G. 2002. Infectivity of resting spores of Massospora cicadina (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae), an entomopathogenic fungus of Periodical cicada (Magcicada spp) (Homoptera: Cicadidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 80(1):1-6.

Entwistle, P.E., Adams., P.H.W., Evans., H.F. & Rivers, C.F.  1983. Epizootiology of a nuclear polyhydrosis virus (Baculoviridae) in European spruce Sawfly (Gilpinia hercyniae) spread of disease from small Epicenters in comparison with spread of Baculovirus diseases in other host. Journal of Applied Ecology, 20: 473-487.

Hawkins, B.A., Cornel., H.V.  & Hochberg, M.E. 1997. Predators, parasitoids and pathogens in phytophagous insect populations. Ecology, 78(7):2145-2152.

Holder, D.J. & Keyhani, N.O. 2005. Adhesion of entomophathogenic Beauveria bassiana to substrata. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(9): 5260-5266.

Klein, E., Clavige, K., Renard., C.H.M. & Gouyon, P.H.  2006. Pollen dispersal of oilseed rape: estimation of the dispersal function and effects of field dimension. Journal of Applied Ecology, 43:141-151.

Lamp, W.O. & Smith, L.M. 1989. Sampling objectives and problems. Miscellaneous publications of Entomological Society of America, 72:3-9.

McGaughey, W.H., Kinsinger, R.A. & Dicke, E.B. 1975. Dispersal of Bacillus thuringiensis spors by nonsusceptible species of stored grain beetles. Environmental Entomology, 4(6):1007-1010.

Meyling, N.V.J., Pell., K. & Eilenberg, J. 2006. Dispersal of Beauveria bassiana by the activity of nettle insects. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 93(2): 121-126.

Nielsen, C. & Steenberg, T. 2004. Entomophthoralean fungi infecting the bird cherry Oat aphis Rhopalosiphom oadi, feeding on its winter host bird cherry Prunus padus. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 87(1):70-73.

Tang. L.C., Chang., D.J. & Houf., N. 1999. Virulence of entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi, to various larval stages of the corn earworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Applied Entomology & Zoology, 34(3):339-403.

Watanabe, H. & Tanada, Y. 1972. Infection of Nuclear polyhydrosis virus in army worm Pseudaletia unipunctata (Lep: Noctuidae) reared at high temperature. Applied Entomology & Zoology, 7: 43-51.

Zelazny, B. & Alfiler, A.R. 2008. Ecology of Baculovirus infected and healthy adult of Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on Cocconut palm in the Philippines. Ecological Entomology, 16(2):253-259.