The effect of Volatile Metabolites and Non Volatile Metabolites of Trichoderma in preventing the growth of Fusarium solani the causal agent of Fusarium dry rot of potato

Subject Areas : Plant Protection

Zahra Taghizadeh ¹ , Sedighe Mohammadi ² , Hosein Alaie ³

1 -
2 -
3 -

Received: 2013-12-17 Accepted : 2015-05-24 Published : 2014-11-22

Keywords:

Abstract :

Fusarium solani the causal agent ofFusarium dry rot of potato has a wide host range and worldwide distribution. Trichoderma is the most commonly used fungal biological control agent and have long been known as effective antagonists against plant pathogenic fungi. In present study volatile and non-volatile compounds produced from seven isolates of Trichoderma species including        T. harzianum (1, 2, 3 and 4), T. virens, T. koningii and T. longibrachiatum were avaluated for their antagonistic effects in vitro against F. solani. The volatile compounds produced form all antagonistic isolates showed mycelial inhibition of the test fungi. T. longibrachiatum and T. harzianum 3 revealed the highest and the lowest antibiosis activity against mycelial growth, respectively. Investigating the effect of non-volatile compounds at 5 and 10 ml concentration showed that the highest inhibitory percentage on mycelium growth of the pathogen caused by      T. harzianum 1 (14.28%) and T. harzianum 2 (9.76%) respectively.

References:

Baker, R. & Cook,R.J. 1974. Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. W.H.Freeman, Sanfrancisco, USA

Boyd, A. E. W. 1972. Potato storage diseases. Review of Plant Pathology, 51: 297-321

Chavan,S.C.,Hegde,Y.R. & Prashanthi, S. K. 2009. Management of wilt of patchouli caused by Fusarium solani. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 39: 32-34

Chet, I. 1997. Trichoderma– application, mode of action and potential as a biocontrol agent of soil borne plant pathogenic fungi. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA

Cullen, D. W., Toth, I. K., Pitkin, Y., Boonham, N., Walsa, K., Barker, I. & Lees, A. K. 2005. Use of quantitative molecular diagnostic assays to investigate Fusarium dry rot in potato stocks and soil. Phytopathology Journal, 95: 1462-1471

Dennis, C. & Webster, J. 1971. Antagonistic properties of species-groups of Trichoderma (II. Production of volatile antibiotics). Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 57: 41-48

Ebtsam, M., Abdel-Kawi, K. A. & Khalil, M. N. A. 2009. Efficiency of Trichoderma viride and Bacillus subtilis as Biocontrol Agents gainst Fusarium solani on Tomato Plants. Phytopathology, 37: 47-57

Elad, Y., Chet, I. & Henis, Y. 1982. Degradation of plantpathogenicfungiby Trichoderma harizianum. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 28: 719-725

Fisher, N. L., Burgess, L. W., Toussoun, T. A. & Nelson, P. E. 1983. Carnation leaves assubstrate for preserving cultures of Fusarium species. Phytopathology Journal, 72: 151-153

Harman, G. E., Howell, C. R., Viterbo, A., Chet,I. & Lorito, M. 2004. Trichoderma species opportunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2: 45-56

Khorasani-Aghazadeh, M., Alizadeh, A. & Safayi, N. 2009. Biological control of Fusarium wilt of potato using antagonistic strains of bacteria. Journal of Plant Pathology, 44: 1-21

Little, T. M. & Hills, F. J. 1978. Agricultural experimentation design and analysis. John willey and Sons, New York, USA

Mohammadi, S., Mansoori, B., Zamani-zade, H. R. & Heydari, A. 2004. Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani the casual agent of wet root rot of chickpea in greenhouse condition. Proceedings of the 16^th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 29 Agu-2 Sept. 2001, Tabriz, Iran, Tabriz University, p. 251

Nasr-Esfahani, M. 1998. Fusarium species associated with dry rot of potato tubers in Esfahan. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, 34: 225-232

Otadoh, J. A., Okoth, S. A., Ochanda, J. & Kahindi, J. P. 2011. Assessment of Trichoderma isolates for virulence efficacy on Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. phaseoli. Ropical and subtropical agroecosystems, 13: 99-107

Pajohandeh, M. 2001. Creation of in vitro bank of germplasm virus-free potato. M.Sc. thesis, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran

Papavizas. G. C. 1985. Trichoderma and Gliocladium biology, ecology and potential for biological control. Ann. Rev. Phytopathology, 23: 54-64

Sharma, K., Kumar, M. & Misra, R. M. 2009. Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of Trichoderma harzianumisolates for their efficacy as biocontrol agents. Journal of Phytopathology, 157: 51-56

Slininger, P. J., Schisler, D. A., Burkhead, K. D. & Bothast, R. J. 2003. Postharvest Biological control of potato sprouting by Fusarium Dry rot Suppressive Bacteria. Biocontrol science and Technology, 5: 471-494

Stevenson, W., Loria, R., Franc, G. & Weingartner, D. P. 2011. Compendium of Potato Diseases, 1: 73-80

Theron,D.J.  &Holz,G. 2010. Prediction of potato dry rot based on the presence of Fusarium in soil adhering to tuber at harvest. Plant Disease, 75: 126-130

Vinale, F., Sivasithamparam, K., Ghisalberti, E. L., Marra, S. L. & Lorito, M. 2008. Trichoderma– plant pathogens interactions. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 40: 1-10

Zeppa, G., Allengron, G., Barbeni, M. & Guarda, P. A. 1991. Variability in the production of volatile metabolites by Trichoderma viride. Review of Plant Pathology, 70: 604-609