Study of temprature effects on maze different hybrids yield, yield componants and phenological stage in Jiroft region

Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture

M. H. Shirzadi ¹ (Ph. D. Student, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Trhran Branch, Iran)
R. Chokan ² (Assist. Prof., Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran)
H. Heidari Sharifabad ³ (Prof., Research Institute of Seed Recording and Certification, Karaj, Iran)
M. J. Mirhadi ⁴ (Assist. Prof., Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Campus, Tehran Branch, Iran)
H. Madani ⁵ (Associ. Prof., Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran)

Received: 2015-12-04 Accepted : 2015-12-04 Published : 2008-01-21

Keywords: Maize, Hybrid, yield, Phenology, temperature, Sowing date,

Abstract :

To study of temperature effects on maize different hybrids yield, yield components and phonological stages, this study were conducted in split-plots based on RCBD with three replications in Islamic Azad University, Jiroft branch during 2004-2005. The sowing dates (including 1 and 16 July, 1 and 16 August), and hybrids (ZP434, BC404, OSSK444, BC504, KSC500, G3337, NS540, BC666, BC678, KSC704, G3393 and KSC700) were selected as main and sub-plots, respectively. Results showed that year and sowing date had not significant effects on summer maize grain yield in this region. Although, one month retarding of sowing date (16 July - 16 August) were caused the yield decreasing by 3.9%, but this effect was not significant. Hybrids had significance effects (P<0.01) on maize seed yield and BC678, BC666 (belongs to FAO600 by 11.489 and 11.404 ton/ha), KSC704 and G3393 (belongs to FAO700 by 11.253 and 11.110 ton/ha) have the highest grain yield. Effects of sowing date on yield components were not significant, while hybrid's effect were significant (P<0.01). Grains/row was significantly affected by sowing date and studied hybrids had significant effects on yield components. BC678 (37.8) and KSC704 (37.8) and KSC500 (29.5) had maximum and minimum grains/row, respectively. Required growth degree days (GDD) from sowing until tassel formation, pollination and silk appearance at 5% probability level and requisite GDD from sowing until emergence and maturity in 1% probability level were significant.

References:

1- ابراهیمی، چ. 1376. بررسی و تعیین مناسبترین تاریخ کاشت ذرت هیبرید سینگلکراس 704 و اثرات آن روی بعضی از خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و اجزاء عملکرد در شرایط آب و هوایی کوهدشت لرستان. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد. دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران.

2- باصفا، م. 1375. بررسی اثرات تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و سرعت رشد هیبریدهای مختلف ذرت براساس درجهروز رشد. کارنامه سال 1375. جلد اول، سازمان تحقیقات، ‌آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی.

3- باصفا، م. 1376. بررسی مناسبترین تاریخ کاشت ارقام ذرت دانهای. گزارش نهایی. مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر. مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی خراسان. بخش اول. شماره 178.

4- بینام، 1386. برنامه راهبردی تحقیقات ذرت. مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر.

5- سیادت، ع. و شایگان، ع. 1373. مقایسه عملکرد دانه و برخی صفات زراعی ارقام ذرت تابستانه در تاریخهای مختلف کاشت در خوزستان. مجله علمی کشاورزی. دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.

6- یزدی‌صمدی، ب.، رضایی، ع. و ولی‌زاده، م.  1376. طرحهای آماری در پژوهشهای کشاورزی. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.

7-Abasi, S.A.A. and Atilade, S.A. 2005a. Sowing-date studies on maize (Zea mays L.) under rainforest conditions: Effects of sowing date on the vegetative and flowering stages. Department of Pl. Sci., Obafemi Awolowo Univ. Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

8-Abasi, S.A.A. and Atilade, S.A. 2005b. Sowing-date studies on maize (Zea mays L.) under rainforest conditions: Effect of sowing date on grain yield and yield components. Department of Pl. Sci., Obafemi Awolowo Univ. Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

9-Allison, J.C.S. and Dagnard, T.B. 1979. Effect of change in time of flowering in duced by altering photoperiod yield mays. Crop Sci. 19:1-4.

10-Anonymous. 1988. Results of trials with maize cultivars. Province of Saragossa and the regions of lower Aragon, Monegros river and Cinca-Litera. Informaciones Tecnicas Departamento de Agricultura, Ganaderi y Montes, Diputacion General de Aragon. No. 2: 12 pp.

10-Baker, E.F.I. 1975. Effects and interactions of 'package deal' inputs on yield and labour demand of maize. Exp. Agric. 11(4): 295-304.

11-Barker, G.M., Pottinger, R.P., Addison, P.J. and Hartley, M.J. 1982. Influence of cultivation, sowing dates and the life cycle of Argentine stem weevil relative to seedling survival in maize. Proceedings of the 35th New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conf. Pp. 248-251.

12-Calvino, P. A., Andrade, F. H. and Sadras, V. O. 2003. Maize yield as affected by water availability, soil depth, and crop management. Agron. J. 95:275–281.

13-Capristo, P.R., Rizzalli, R.H. and Andrade, F.H. 2007. Ecophysiological yield components of maize hybrids with contrasting maturity. Agron J 99:1111-1118.

14-Cirilo, A.G. and Andrade, F.H. 1996. Sowing date and kernel weight in maize. Crop Sci 36:325-331.

15-David, G. 1977.  Results obtained with irrigated maize crops in demonstration plots at the State Agricultural Farm Urleasca, province of Braila. Productia Vegetala, Cereale si Plante Tehnice. 29(4): 23-26.

16-Fakorede, M.A.1980. Varietal traits and agronomic practices limiting grain yield of maize in the rainforest zone of Nigeria. Agron. Abs. 72nd Ann. Meet., Am. Soc. Agron. 41. Madison, Wiscon., USA.

17-Gentinetta, E., Lorenzoni, C., Binotto, G. P., Manusardi, C. and Maggiore, T. 1987. Definition of agronomical parameters for the cultivation of high lysine maize hybrids in irrigated environments. Maydica, 32(4): 325-340.

18-Hicks, D. R., Benson, G. O. and Bullock, D. 1990. Corn hybrid maturity management for the centeral and northern Corn Belt. National Corn Handbook. NCH. No, 37.

19-Lauer, J. G., Carter, P. R., Wood, T. M., Daniel, G. D., Robert, W., Rand, E. and Mlynarek, M. J. 1999. Corn hybrid response to planting date in the northern Corn Belt. Agron. J. 91:834–839.

20-Lourenco, M. E. V. L. and Carolina, F. M. R. 1990. Influence of the sowing date on corn growing. Revista Ciencias Agrarias (Portugal). 13:19-25.

21-Mathews, R., Stephens, W., Hess, T., Middleton, T. and Graves, A. 2002. Applications of crop/soil simulation models in tropical agricultural systems. Adv. Agron. 76:31–124.

22-Otegui, M. E. and Melón, S. 1997. Kernel Set and Flower Synchrony within the Ear of Maize : I. Sowing Date Effects. Crop Sci 37:441-447.

23-Otegui, M. E., Nicolini, M. G., Ruiz, R. A. and Dodds, P. A. 1995. Sowing date effects on grain yield components for different maize genotypes. Agron J 87:29-33.

24-Pendelton, O. W. and Eyli, D. B. 1969. Potential yield of corn as affected by planting date. Agron. J. 61:70-71.

25-Plett, S. 1992. Comparison of seasonal thermal thermal indices for measurement for measurement of corn maturity in a Prairie enviromment . Can. J. Plant Sci. 72: 1157-1162.

26-Quaranta, F. and Irione, V. 1991. Effects of earliness of sowing and increasing rate of nitrogen in maize crops with limited application of water. Informatore Agrario. 47(15): 43-47.

27-Sandhu, B. S. and Hundal, S. S. 1991. Effect of method and date of sowing on phenophases and productivity of winter maize (Zea mays). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 61(3): 178-181.

28-Siemer, E. G., Leng, E. R. and Bonnett, O. T. 1969. Timing and correlation of major developmental events in maize, Zea mays L. Agron J 61:14-17.

29-Tetiokapho S. and Garkent, F. P. 1988. Response of mays to plant population density to cannopy development light relationships and vegetative growth.Agron. J. 80:930-935.

30-Zhang, X. Z. 1992. A preliminary study on the classification of the cultivation measures for spring maize. J. Hebei Agric. Univ. 15(3): 33-37.