Effect of Ascorbate and Gibberellin on antioxidant activity, proline and soluble carbohydrates in Sage (Salvia officinals L.) under salt stress conditions

Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture

R.  Hemati ¹ (M.Sc. Student in Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Shehr-e-Rey Branch, Shehr-e-Rey, Iran)
A.  Pazoki ² (The Member of Young Researchers and Elit Club, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)

Received: 2016-08-31 Accepted : 2016-08-31 Published : 2015-11-22

Keywords: Salinity, Gibberellin, Salvia (Salvia officinalis L.), Ascorbate,

Abstract :

To investigate the effect of ascorbate and gibberellin on some physiological characteristics of the Salvia medicinal plant under salt stress conditions, an experiment was done at municipal greenhouse No­­ 15 in March 2013. The experiment was as factorial based on completly randomized  designe (CRD) with four replications. Experimental factors including salinity levels in 4 levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 mM Nacl), ascorbate in 2 levels (0 and 4 mM) and gibberellin in two levels (0 and 2 mM). The mean comparison  showed that the main effect of salinity showed that the cause  of the decline of activity of antioxidant enzymes and increase the amount of soluble sugars and proline. . Except of the three double interaction effect of factors on proline and soluble sugars in other cases, there was significant difference on other traits. As well, instead of triple interaction of treatments on, proline, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase in other cases no significant difference was observed. In this case the maximum amount of  proline production (12/67 mg/g fw), catalase activity (19/68 mg/protein. min) and ascorbate peroxidase (61/25 mg/protein. min) conducted in 75 mM Nacl and ascorbate and gibberellin application.As a result of the application of ascorbate as a strong antioxidant and GA as growth regulators, foliar damage due to stress, these two compounds were offset and in the absence of ascorbate and GA was given to the plant, the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased.  

References:

1- Abdollahi, F., Jafari, L. and Gordi Takhti, S. 2013. Effect of GA₃ on growth and chemical composition of jujube leaf (Ziziphus spina-christi) under salinity condition. Journal of plant process and Function; 2 (4) :53-64

2- Asada, K. and Nakano, Y. 1981. Purification of ascorbate peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts: Its in activation  in acerbate-depleted medium and reactivation by monodehydroascorbate radiacal. Plant  Cell Physiol, 28: 131-140.

3- Baghalian, K., Haghiry, A., Naghavi, M. R. and Mohammadi, A. 2008. Effect of saline irrigation on agronomical and phytochemical characters of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.). Scientia Horticulturae 116 (2008). 437-441.

4- Bates, L. S., Waldern, R. P. and Teave, I. D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil.39: 205-207.

5- Cakmak, I. and Horst, W. 1991. Effect of aluminium on lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities in root tip of soybean (Glysin max). Plant Phisiology.83:463-468.

6- Culha erdal, S. and Cakirlar, H. 2014. Impact of salt stress on photosystem (II) efficiency and antioxidant enzyme activities of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius. L) cultivars. Turkish journal of biology 38:549-560.

7- Dolatabadian, A,  Modarres Sanavy, S. A. M. and Sharifi, M. 2008. Effect of Water Deficit Stress and Foliar Application of Ascorbic acid on Antioxidants Enzymes Activity and Some Biochemical's Changes in Leaves of Grain Corn (Zea maize L.). Iranian Journal of Biology. 22(3). 407-421.[ In Persian with English Summary].

8- Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A. and Smith, F. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem. 28:350-356.

9- Ghanati, F., Morita, A. and Yokota, H. 2002. Induction of suberin and increase of liginin content by exess Boron in Tabacco cell. Soil Science. Plant Nutrition.48: 3: 357-364.

10- Ghani, A., Ebrahimpoor, A., Tehranifar, A. and Hassanzadeh khayaat, M. 2010. Evaluation of growth and development adaptability and medicinal-ornamental potential of Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) cultivated in Mashhad climatic conditions. . Journal of Plant Production Research.17(1). [In Persian with English Summary].

11- Giannopolitis, C. and Ries, S. 1997. Superoxid desmutase. I.Occurence in higher plant. Plant Physiology. 59: 309-314.

12- Hammed, A., Hussain, T. and Gulzar, S. 2012. Salt tolerance of a cash crop halophyte suaeda fruticosa: biochemical responses to salt and exogenous chemical treatments . acta physiol plant.

13- Hendawy, S. F. and Khalid, KH. A. 2005. Response of sage (saliva officinalis L) plant to zinc application under different salinity levels . Journal of applied sciences research , 1(z) : 147-155.

14- Huany, B. and Johnson, J. W. 1995. Root respiration and carbohydrate status of two wheat genotypes in response to hypoxia. Ann. Bot. 75: 427-432.

15- Jan mohamadi, M., Abbasi, A. and Sabaghnia, N. 2012 . Influence of nacl treatments on growth and biochemical parameters of castor bean (ricinus communis L) . Acta agriculturae slovenica , 99-1 : 31-40.

16- Kavan, Z. A., Ghorbanli, M. and Sateei, A. 2010. The effect of drought stress and exogenous ascorbate on photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, phenol compounds and lipid peroxidation in Pimpinella anisum L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 25( 4) 456-469. [In Persian with English Summary]

17- Khoshkholghsima, N. and  Asghari, H. 2001. Different mechanisms resistance against salinity stress. Agricultural college MashadFerdosiUniversity.

18- Lak, R. 2011. Study Effects of Exogenous Gibberellin and Ascorbat on Antioxidant Enzymes Activities and Proline Content in Root and Shoot of Brassica Napus Seedlings under Salinity. First National Conference on new issues in agriculture.Islamic AzadUniversity, Saveh Branch. [In Persian with English Summary]

19- Miri, H. 2009. Plant stress physiology. Islamic AzadUniversity of Kermanshah. P479 [In Persian]

20- Mozafari,  M., Hassani, A,.  Sefidkon, F. and  Rasooli Sadaghiaani, H. 2011. The effect of irrigation with saline water and treated with salicylic acid on the growth and physiological traits of peppermint (Mentha piperita .L). Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia. [In Persian]

21- Ranieri, A., Castagna, A., Baldan, B. and Soldatini, G. F. 2001. Iron deficiency differently affects peroxidase isoforms in sunflower. Journal of experimental botany, 52(354), 25-35.

22- Rezazadeh Hamidieh, l. 2008. Salt tolerance in soybean (Soybean) in the presence of some antioxidant compounds. MSc dissertation, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz.[In Persian]

23- Sairam, R. and Tyagi, A. 2004. Physiology and molecoular biology of salinity stress tolerance in plants, Current science, 86(3).

24- Tuna, A., Kaya, C., Dikilitas, M. and Higgas, D. 2008. The combined effects of gibberellic acid and salinity on some antioxidant enzyme activities, plant growth parameters and nutritional status in maize plants, Environmental and experimental botany, 62: 1-9.

25- Yasar, F., Kusvuran, S. and Elliatioglu, S. 2006. Determination of anti oxidant activities in some melon ( Ucumis melo L.) varieties and cultivars under salt stress. Journal of horticultural science and biotechnology, 81(4) : 627-630.