Evaluation of effects of different tillage systems, planting row spacing and plant densities on grain yield and yield components of corn
Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture
Masoud Mohseni
1
(عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران)
Mohammad hosein Haddadi
2
(عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران)
Keywords: Plant density, corn, tillage system, Yield and yield component, sowing pattern,
Abstract :
In order to investigate the effects of tillage systems and plant densities in two plant pattern, on kernel yield and its component on corn (Zea mays L.cv.sc704), an experimental design , randomized complete block in a strip factorial was used, treatments arrangement with four replications in north of Iran in 2010-2011. Main plot was subjected to tillage systems in three levels: 1. Rotary system (RS). 2. Disk system (DS) - 3. Plow and Disck system (PDS). Other factors were plant density in three levels (60000, 70000 and 80000 plant/ha) and plant pattern were conventional row (linear) and new two rows (zigzag). The results indicated that all traits, were not affected by tillage systems ,while the grain yield and 1000 seeds weight, which were affected by plant density showed significant difference. With the increase of density from 60000 to 80000 plants/ha, grain yield and 1000 seeds weight increased, an amount of from 9.09 to 11.14 t/ha and 332.35 to319.52 gr respectively. Grain yield and 1000 seeds weight were not affected by plant pattern .
1- احمدزاده، ا. 1370. رابطه جهت و فواصل ردیف های کاشت ذرت با جذب نور و سایه اندازی آنها بر روی هم و تأثیر این فاکتور ها در رشد و عملکرد این محصول. بخش ذرت وزارت کشاورزی.
2- آمارنامه کشاورزی. 1387. دفترآمار و فناوری اطلاعات وزارت جهاد کشاورزی جلد اول محصولات زراعی.
3- کوچکی، ع. و سرمدنیا، غ. 1378. فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد.
4- مرعشی، ک.، س، ذاکر نژاد.، ش، لک. وسیادت، ع. 1386. بررسی تاثیر الگوهای کاشت و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ذرت دانه ای در شرایط آب و هوایی اهواز، مجله علمی کشاورزی، ج،30، ش،3.
5- مودب شبستری، م. ومجتهدی، م.1369. فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی.انتشارات مرکز نشردانشگاهی تهران.
6- نورمحمدی، ق.، سیادت، ع. و کاشانی، ع. 1376. زراعت غلات. انتشارات دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز. جلد اول.
7-Ahmad, T. and Samara, N. H. 2007. The effect of tillage practices on Barely production under rainfed conditions in Jordan. American-Eurasian. J. Agric Environ. Sci., 2(1): 75-79.
8-Allmaras, R., Black, A. L. and Richman, R, W. 1973. Tillage, Soil environment, and root growth. Zn: Conservation tillage, Proc. Nat. Conf. Soil cons. Soc. Am. Ankeny, Iowa. 62-86.
9-Compbell, J. A. and Akhtar, M. E. 1998. Impact of tillage on soil water regimes in the rainfed areas of Pakistan. Soil Physics. 276-275.
10- Davies, B., Eagle, D. and Finny, B. 1997. Soil management, Farming press, UK. pp. 280
11-Farnham, D. E. 2001. Row spacing, plant density, and hybrid effects on corn grain yield and moisture. Agron. J., 93: 1049–1053.
12-Glen, F. B. and Daynard, T. B. 1973. Effect of genotype planting pattern and plant density on plant-to-plant variability and grain yield of corn.Canadian Journal of Plant Science.
54(2):323-330.
13-Kisic, I., Basic, F., Birkas, M., Jurisic, A. and Bicanic, V. 2010, Crop Yiehd and Plant Density Tillage systems. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 75(1): 1-7.
14-Knezevic, M. 1999. Effects of soil tillage and nitrogen on winter wheat yield and weed biomass. Cereal Research Communications. 27: 1-2, 197-204.
15-Loomis, R. S. and Connor, D. J. 1992. Crop ecology productivity and management in agriculture systems. Cambridge university press.
16-Miralles, D. J. and Richards, R. A. 2000. Responses of leaf and tiller emergence and primordium initiation in wheat and barely to interchanged photoperiod. Ann. Bot. 85: 655-663.
17-Modestus, W. K. 1994. Minimum tillage as an alternative to conventional tillage for wheat production in northern Tanzania. Developing sustainable wheat production systems: Re for Eastern, Centeral and Southern Africa. Addis Abeba(Ethiopia). CIMMYT. 221-228.
18-Ottman, M. and Welch, L. .1989. Planting patterns and radiation interception, plant nutrient concentration, and yield in corn. Agron. J., 81:167–174.
19-Partokazemi, A., Delkhosh, B., Mohseni, M. and Faghani, R. 2012.The effects of tillage system and plant density on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) varieties in North of Iran.Afr.J.Agric.Res.Vol.7(5) , 797-801.
20-Pedersen, P. and Lauer, J. G. 2003. Corn and soybean responses to rotation sequence, row spacing, and tillage system. Agron. J., 95: 965–971.
21-Proter, P. M. and Hicks, D. K. 1997. Corn response to row width and plant population in the northern corn- belt. Journal of periodical agriculture 10:293.
22-Rodrigues, R., Silva, L. and Mori, E. 2003. Baby corn single-cross hybrids yield in two plant densities. Crop Breeding, 3: 177-184.
23-Rao, V. S. 1999. Principles of weed Science. Science Publishers, Inc, CK. PP. 555.
24-Shakarami, G. and Rafiee, M. 2009. Response of Corn (Zea mays L.) to planting pattern and density in iran. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci., 5(1): 69-73.
25-Sprague, M, A. and Triplett, G. B. 1986. No tillage and surface tillage agriculture. Jwiley, USA, pp. 467.
26-Tetio-Kagho, F. and Gardner, F. P. 1988. Response of maize to plant population. II: reproductive development on yield and yield adjustment. Agronomy Journal. 80: 935-945.
27-Troeh, F, R. and Thompson, L. M. 1993. Soil and soil fertility. Oxford university press, UK. pp. 462.
28-Wang XB, Oenema, O., Hoogmoed, W.B., Perdok, U. D. and Cai, D. X. 2006.Dust storm erosion and its impact on soil carbon and nitrogen losses in northern China, Catena, 66: 221-227
29-Westage M. E., Forcella, F., Riecosky, D. C. and Somsen, J. 1997. Rapid canopy closure for maize production in the northern US corn belt: Radiationuse efficiency and grain yield. Field Crops Res. 49:249–258.