Evaluation of growth stages, physiologic traits and seed qualitative characteristics in advanced winter rapeseed varieties in Arak

Subject Areas : New Finding in Agriculture

M. Azad Marzabadi ¹ (M. Sc Student of Agronomy Department, Islamic Azad University of Ashtian, Ashtian, Iran)
M. Mostafavi Rad ² (Professor Assistant and Scientific Member of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran)
S. Faraji ³ (Horticultural expert of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran)

Received: 2015-11-27 Accepted : 2015-11-27 Published : 2012-11-21

Keywords: Rapeseed, Variety, agronomic characteristics,

Abstract :

In order to evaluate of growth stages, physiologic traits and seed qualitative characteristics of advanced winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties in Arak a field experiment was performed in 2010-2011 cropping seasons in randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental field of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, in Arak (34º 5´ N; 49º 42´ E, and 1775 m above sea level), Iran. Seven advanced rapeseed varieties such as NK Aviator, RNX 6321, ES Betty, Modena, NK Karibic, Champlain and Licord and Okapi as check comprised the experimental factors. Each plot was including of four rows with 6 meter length and 30 centimeter distance. Important agronomic traits such as days number to initiation and end of flowering, length of flowering, days number to ripening, length of ripening, plant height, second branch number per plant, seed number per pod, pod number per plant, 1000 - seed weight, seed yield, seed oil and protein content, biological yield, harvest index and oil yield per unit area were estimated during growth season. The results of varianc analysis showed that rapeseed cultivars had significant differences for all measured traits. In this research, ES Betty cultivar had the highest grain yield (5699 kg/ha), pod number per plant, 1000 - seed weight, harvest index, seed oil content and oil yield per unit area. In this research, Okapi variety had the least seed yield (3144 kg/ha), pod number per plant and 1000 - seed weight. Also, there were positive and significant correlations between seed yield and some traits such as pod number per plant, 1000 - seed weight, biological yield and harvest index.

References:

- آلیاری، ه. و شکاری، ف، 1379. دانه‌های روغنی. انتشارات عمیدی تبریز. 182 ص.

2- آیینه­بند، ا. 1371. بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام کلزای پاییزه. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، 126 ص.

3- انوری، م. ت. 1376. بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام کلزا. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، 112 ص..

4- پور­عیسی، م.، نبی­پور، م. و مامقانی، ر. 1385. مطالعه همبستگی صفات و آنالیز علیت عملکرد دانه در ارقام کلزا. چکیده مقالات نهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران، پردیس ابوریحان، صفحه 245.

5- خاتمیان­اسکوئی، ف. 1389. مقایسه 16 رقم کلزا از نظر کمی و کیفی در منطقه اراک. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد رشته زراعت دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، 90 ص.

6- خواجه­پور، م. 1370. تولید نباتات صنعتی. چاپ اول، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، 578 ص.

7- عابدیان، ح. ر. 1389. بررسی تأثیر منابع مختلف نیتروژن بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن 5 رقم کلزای زمستانه در منطقه اراک. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد رشته زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بروجرد، 138 ص.

8- عزیزی، م.، سلطانی، ا. و خاوری خراسانی، س. 1385. کلزا، فیزیولوژی، زراعت، به‌نژادی و تکنولوژی زیستی (ترجمه). انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد، چاپ سوم، 232 ص.

9- مصطفوی­راد، م. 1389. ارزیابی اثرات مدیریت تغذیه تلفیقی بر صفات کمی و کیفی برخی ارقام کلزای زمستانه سازگار به مناطق سردسیر در اراک. رساله دوره دکتری رشته زراعت، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، 165 ص.

10- ناصری، ف. 1370. دانه­های روغنی (تألیف وایس). چاپ اول، انتشارات قدس رضوی، 822 ص.

11- Barker, W. B. and Sowyer, J. E. 2005. Nitrogen application to soybean at early reproductive development. Agronomy Journal. 97: 615-619.

12- Basalma, D. 2008. The correlation and path analysis of yield and yield components of different winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. Research Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 4: 120-125.

13- Campbell, D. C. and Kondara, Z. P. 1978. Relationship among growth patterns, yield components and yield of rapeseed. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 58: 87-93.

14- Cheema, M. A., Malik, M. A., Hussain, A., Shah, S. H. and Basra, S. M. A. 2001. Effects of time and rate of nitrogen and phosphorus application on growth and seed and oil yields of canola (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 186: 103–110.

15- Cox, M. C., Qualset, C. P. and Rains, D.W. 1989. Genetic variation for nitrogen assimilation and translocation in wheat. I. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation. Crop Science. 25: 430-435.

16- Daneshvar, M., Tahmasebi Sarvestani, Z. and Modarres Sanavy, S. A. M. 2008. Different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer treatments on some agro-physiological traits in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Science. 11: 1530-1540.

17- Degenhart, D. F. and Hondva, Z. P. 1981. the influence of seeding date and seedig rate on seed yield and growth characteris of five genotype of B.napus. J. plant Scie. , 61: 158 – 190.

18- Faratulla, H., Sardar, A. and Farman, U, 2004. Comparative yield potential and quality characteristics of advanced lnes of rapseed. In. J. of Agric & Bio, 6: 203 – 205.

19- Fayyaz, H., Manaf, A., Qadir, G. and Basra, S. H. 2007. Effects of sulphur on seed yield, oil, protein and glucosinolates of canola cultivars. Int. J. Agric. & Bio, 3:504–508.

 20- Grant, C. A., Clayton, G. W. and Johnston, A. M. 2003. Sulphur fertilizer and tillage effects on canola seed quality in the Black soil zone of western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 83: 745–758.

21- Gunase Kera, C. P., Martin, L. D., Siddique, K. H. M. and Walton, G. H. 2006. Genotype by environment interactions of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) in Mediterranean type environments. I. Crop growth and seed yield. European Journal of Agronomy. 25: 1-12.

22- Habekotte, B. 1993. Quantitative analysis of pod formation. Field Crop Research, 38: 21-33.

Kimber, D. S., Mc Gregor, D. L., 1995. Brassica oilseeds production and utilization. CAB International.

23- Hodgson, A. S, 1978. Rapeseed adaptation in nothern NSW. I. phenological responses to vernalization temprature and photoperiod by annual and bienial cultivars of B.napus and B.compestris. Aust. J. Agric. Res, 29: 693-710.

24- Evanze, E. G. 1984. Pre-antesis growth and its influence on seed yield in winter oil seed rape. Aspect of Applies Biology, 6: 81-90.

25- Jan, A., Khan, N., Khan, I. A. and Khattak, B. 2002. Chemical composition of canola as affected by nitrogen and sulphure. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 1: 519-521.

26- Jiang, J., Frieb, B. and Gill, B. 1994. Recent advances in alien gene transfer in wheat. Euphytica. 73: 199-212.

27- Kimber, D. S. and McGregor, D. I. 1995. The species and their origin, cultivation and world production. In: Kimber, D. S. and McGregor, D. I. (Eds.). Brassica Oilseeds; Production and Utilization. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK, Pp. 1–7.

28- Lambers, H. and Poorter, H. 1992. Inherent variation in growth rate between higer plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences. Advanced Ecological Research. 23: 187-261.

29- Ludwiga, B., Schmilewskib, G. and Terhoeven–Urselmansa, T. 2006. Use of near infrared spectroscopy to predict chemical parametets phytotoxity of peats and growing media. Science of Horticulture. 109: 86-91.

30- Marjanovic–Jeromela, A., Marinkovic, R., Mijic, A., Zdunic, Z., Ivanovska, S. and Jankulovska, M. 2008. Correlation and Path Analysis of Quantitative Traits in Winter Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus. 73 (1): 13-18.

31- Mendham, N. J., Shipway, P. A. and Bazza, G. C. 1981. The effects of seed size, autumn nitrogen and plant population density on the response to delayed sowing in winter oilseed rape. (Brassica rapus L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge. pp.403 – 414.

32- Miller, R. L., Sistani, N. A. and Cebert, E. 2008. Comparative mineral composition among canola cultivars and other cruciferous leafy greens, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2008.11.002.

33- Nasri, M., Khalatbari, M., Zahedi, H., Paknejad, F. and Tohidi-Moghadam, H. R. 2008. Evaluation of Micro and Macro Elements in Drought Stress Condition in Cultivars of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. 3 (3): 579-583.

34- Norton, G., Bilsborrow, P. E. 1991. Comparative physiology of divergent type of winter rape seed. Int. Canola Conf, Saskatchewan, Canada .

35- Rathke, G. W., Christen, O. and Diepenbrock, W. 2005. Effects of nitrogen source and rate on productivity and quality of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in different crop rotations. Field Crops Research. 94: 103-113.

36- Rao, M. S. S. and Mendham, N. J. 1991. Comparison of canola (B. campestris and B. napus) oilseed rape using different growth regulators, plant population densities and irrigation treatments. J. Agric. Sci. Camb, 177: 177-187.

37- Raymer, P. L. 2002. Canola: an emerging oilseed crop. Pp. 122-126. In: Trends in new crops and new uses. Ganick, J. and Whipkey, A. (eds.). ASHS Press. Alexandria, VA.

38- Taylor, A. J. and Smith, C. J. 1992. Comprative physiology of divergent type of winter rapeseed. In: Proceedings of International Canola Conference of Sasckatoon, Canada.

39- Tayo, T. O. and Morgan, D. G. 1975. A quantitative analysis of the growth development and the distribution of  yield on oil-seed rape (Brassica napus L.). J. of Agric Sci. Camb, 85: 103-110.

40- Tiwari, P. N., Gambhir, P. N. and Rajan, T. S. 1974. Rapid and non-destructive determination of seed oil by pulsed NMR technique, Journal of American Oil Chemistry Society. 51:104–109.

41- Walton, G. H. 2004. Determinates of oil concentration and seed yield in canola and Indian mustard in the lower rainfall areas of western Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 55: 367-377.

42- Wu, M. and Zeng, X. 2003. Studies on preparation and its functional properties of rapeseed protein concentrate. 11th International Rapeseed Congress, Agricultural University Copenhagen. Denmark.