The Mystical Hierarchy of the Universe in the Works of Rumi and Suhrawardi

Subject Areas : Islamic Mysticism

Mohammad Taghi Khammar ¹ , behrooz romiani ² , Mostafa Salari ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
3 - استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران.

Received: 2022-01-14 Accepted : 2022-03-09 Published : 2023-09-23

Keywords:

Abstract :

In Rumi's works there is a coherent account about the hierarchy of the universe: the first intellect, the light of Mohammadiyya (Nur-e- Mohammadi), the letter and the perfect human being, and so on. It is formed in a hierarchy with the generic name of the multiple worlds. The world of Lāhout, Jabarut, Malakut and Nāsut are well-known names in Islamic mysticism. This can also be seen in the works of Suhrawardi, the philosopher and theorist of illumination philosophy. Apart from the categories which sometimes make it difficult to determine the true source of water, there are two main worlds of Molk and Malakut or light and darkness in the works of Rumi and Suhrawardi which symbolize the lower material world and the superior world (ālam-e- elvi). In this research we study the hierarchy of the world in the works of Rumi and Suhrawardi by using the library documents and descriptive analysis method.