Comparative Explanation of Science and Perception as Viewed by Avicenna, Suhrawardi, and Ibn Arabi

Subject Areas : Islamic Mysticism

Ezatolmolook Ghasemghazi ¹ , Mohammad Akvan ²

1 - دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه وکلام اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران.
2 - دانشیارگروه فلسفه، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران.نویسنده مسئول: [e-mail]

Received: 2021-06-20 Accepted : 2021-06-20 Published : 2021-06-22

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Abstract :

          The current article is seeking to explain perception and its types and degrees from the viewpoint of the three great figures, Avicenna, Shaikh Shahab al-Din Suhravardi and father of theoretical gnosis, Ibn al- Arabi known as the great Shaikh. These great men, each has defined perception in different ways. Avicenna, like naturalists, believes in adjustibility of impreasions in mind. But Suhravardi has rejected, in the field of sight, avicenna's theory of beam departure (mathematicians' view). he bases perception on the illumination of the self presence. According to avicenna's view, perception consists of four types such as, sensuous, imaginative, illusive and intellectual but suhravardi considers it three types while inserting perception and illusion in imagination. Avicenna believes that self perceives tangible and imaginative objects through instruments while perceiving abstracts and generalities in it self. He also believes that external senses and internal faculties are material and he considers for each of them a particular place in mind . Although avicenna considers reason non-material as well as perceiver, Suhravadi considers imaginitive perception abstract. He does not consider it material and demonstrates it through imaginative world. Likewise, Ibn al-Arabi rejects the adjustability theory while considering it non-material. According to the continuty creation theory, Ibn-Arabi says perception is the manifestation of God on hearts that are not neglected by hobbies in the world and the real perception accompanies action so the spiritual heaven is its result and nothing is more illuminative than perception that illuminates the perception itself and the human heart is its