An investigation on the production of activated carbon from olive stone

Subject Areas :

Hadi  Sharifi Darabad ¹ (School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology)
Mandana  Adeli ² (School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran university of Science and Technology, Tehran, iran)

Received: 2017-04-14 Accepted : 2018-12-18 Published : 2018-11-22

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Phosphoric acid, Olive stone, Chemical activation,

Abstract :

Activated carbon is a porous material which has found extensive applications in separation and purification processes. Special properties of this material such as high specific surface area, highly porous structure, and high absorption capacity have resulted in its utilization in numerous industries. The purpose of this research is the production of activated carbon from waste olive stones using the chemical activation method. Phosphoric acid was used to chemically activate the olive stones, and a reductive atmosphere was applied in the heating stage instead of inert gas atmosphere. The effect of such parameters as acid concentration and activation temperature on the product properties were investigated. The products were characterized using XRD, SEM, and BET analysis. It was found out that the production of high-quality activated carbon is possible without the need for an inert heating atmosphere. It was also concluded that the concentration of the soaking solution highly affects the properties of activated carbon, especially its specific surface. The optimum conditions for obtaining the highest specific surface in the activated carbon (1194.94 m2/g) were determined to be 85 wt.% concentration of acid soaking solution, and heating temperature of 500°C.

References:

 

[1]     N. Soudani, S. Souissi najar & A. Ouederni, “Influence of Nitric Acid Concentration on Characteristics of Olive Stone Based Activated Carbon”, Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 21, pp. 1425-1430, 2013.

 

[2]       م. بدرلو، س. ع. طیبی­فرد و م. ذاکری، "سنتز نانوکامپوزیت (MoSi₂-20%TiC) به روش سنتز احتراقی فعال شده شیمیایی (COSHS)"، فرآیندهای نوین در مهندسی مواد، شماره 4، سال 10، زمستان، 1395.

 

[3]       س. م. حسینی و ق. دینی، "استفاده از خاکستر سبوس برنج برای تولید نانوذرات Al₂O₃/SiC به­روش سنتز خودانتشار دمای بالا و آسیاکاری"، فرآیندهای نوین در مهندسی مواد، شماره 2، سال 12، تابستان، 1397.

 

[4]     S. M. Yakout & G. Sharaf El Deen, “Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared by Phosphoric Acid Activation of Olive Stones”, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. S1155-S1162, 2012.

 

[5]     Y. Nakagawa, M. Molina Sabio & F. Rodriguez Reinoso, “Modification of the Porous Structure along the Preparation of Activated Carbon Monoliths with H₃PO₄ and ZnCl₂”, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Vol. 103, pp. 29-34, 2007.

 

[6]     R. Yavuz, H. Akyildiz, N. Karatepe & E. Çetinkaya, “Influence of Preparation Conditions on Porous Structures of Olive Stone Activated by H₃PO₄”, Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 91, pp. 80-87, 2010.

 

[7]     T. Bohli, A. Ouederni, N. Fiol & I. Villaescusa, “Evaluation of an Activated Carbon from Olive Stones Used as an Adsorbent for Heavy Metal Removal from Aqueous Phases”, Comptes Rendus Chimie, Vol. 18, pp. 88-89, 2015.

 

[8]     J. Bedia, J. M. Rosas, D. Vera, J. Rodriguez Mirasol & T. Cordero, “Isopropanol Decomposition on Carbon Based Acid and Basic Catalysts”, Catalysis Today, Vol 158, pp. 89-96, 2010.

 

[9]     M. Jagtoyen & F. Derbyshire, “Activated Carbons from Yellow, Poplar, and White Oak by H₃PO₄ Activation”, Carbon, Vol. 36, pp. 1085– 1097, 1998.

 

[10] S. Timur, I. C. Kantarli, E. Ikizoglu & J. Yanik, “Preparation of Activated Carbons from Oreganum Stalks by Chemical Activation”, Energy and Fuel, Vol. 20, pp. 2636–2641, 2006.