A Study of French Words and Expressions in Poems Composed by Shahryar

Subject Areas : journal of literary criticism and stylistics research

Hasan Alizadeh ¹ , ramin sadeginejad ² , maryam mohammadzadeh ³

1 - PhD Student of the Department of persian language and literature, Ahar branch, Islamic Azad University، Aharو Iran
2 - Department of persian language and literature, Ahar branch, Islamic Azad University،Ahar- Iran
3 - Department of Persian Language and Literature, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.

Received: 2024-01-25 Accepted : 2024-03-05 Published : 2024-03-05

Keywords: Linguistic changes, The Constitution Era to Second Pahlavi era, French language, Shahryar, French words and expressions.,

Abstract :

Throughout the Constitutional era, a great deal of French words and expressions were entered into Persian language and literary works and many examples of such items could be found in poems composed by great poets such as Adibolmamalek Farahani and Hassan Vahid Dastgerdi much more that other poets’ works during the first constitutional period. These words and expressions were changed linguistically as the awakening period was over and we entered the outstanding historical periods of First and Second Pahlavi dynasty era. The major question in the present research done using documentation and a library study method is that how French words and expressions have changed in poems composed by Shahryar? The results of the present study showed that many of French words and expressions were fixed and accepted and then utilized in Persian language and culture from the very start of its entrance into the language, some faded away and were marginalized, some were extinct and no more were in use, still others encountered phonological changed. There were also some others changed in tone due to the necessities felt in poetry weights and finally some were appropriated to certain specific fields of study. There were a few words which were used in the same written and conceptual formats both in Persian and French. Some words and expressions were delimited and developed regarding novel conceptual uses and some of words and expressions were trivially changed in Persian language and were made to sound better and more understandable in poems composed by Shahryar.

References:


• آدمیّت، فریدون (1355)، ایدئولوژی نهضت مشروطیّت ایران، تهران: پیام.
• آژند، یعقوب (1384)، تجدّد ادبی در دورۀ مشروطه، تهران: مؤسسۀ تحقیقات علوم انسانی.
• اجتماعی جندقی،کمال (1384)، سرود آبشار، تهران: سخن با همکاری موسسه انتشارات نگاه.
• امین پور، قیصر (1384)، سنّت و نوآوری در شعر معاصر، تهران: علمی و فرهنگی.
• اوستا، مهرداد (1362)، «شهریار و شیوۀ سخن او»، کیهان فرهنگی، سال اوّل، ش 2،صص 14-11.
• بهادری، محمد جلیل (1386)، شهریار شعر (بررسی آفاق شعر شهریار)، ایلام: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام.
• جلالی، تهمورث (1354)، فرهنگ پایه (واژه¬های پارسی و بیگانۀ زبان¬زد در فارسی کنونی)، تهران: ابن سینا.
• شهریار، محمد حسین (1366)، کلیات دیوان شهریار، 2ج، تهران: زرّین- نگاه.
• صادقی نژاد، رامین (1393)، «بازتاب هنری واژه‌ها و اصطلاحات اداری (بانک و ثبت اسناد) در شعر شهریار»، مجموعه مقالات نهمین همایش بین المللی انجمن ترویج زبان و ادب فارسی، دانشگاه پیام نور بجنورد.
• قائم مقامی (ژاله)، عالم تاج (1374)، دیوان عالم تاج، به کوشش احمد کرمی، تهران: ما.
• معین، محمد (1371)، فرهنگ فارسی معین، تهران: امیرکبیر.
• یوسفی، غلامحسین (1377)، چشمۀ روشن، تهران: علمی