The Effectiveness of Self-Encouragement on Promotion of Assertiveness Skills and General Self-Efficacy of Household- Headed Females

Subject Areas : Woman and Society

m. صفاری نیا ¹ , a. مهمان نوازن ²

1 - دانشیار دانشگاه پیام نور، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، گروه روان شناسی
2 - دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی عمومی دانشگاه پیام نور، عضو گروه مشاوره دانشگاه الزهرا(س)

Received: 2015-03-02 Accepted : 2015-03-02 Published : 2015-02-20

Keywords: Self-Encouragement Training, Assertiveness Skills, General Self – Efficacy,

Abstract :

The study was carried out under sponsorship of Sediqin charity to examine the impact of self-encouragement training on promotion of assertiveness and general self-efficacy of household-headed females. Research method was semi-experimental and in the form of pretest and post-test with control group. Samples contained 28 household-headed women selected by voluntarily sampling and they were assigned randomly in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 120 minutes training whereas the control group didn't receive any training. Both groups were evaluated by the assertiveness questionnaire of Gambril & Richy (1975) and General self-Efficacy scale (sherer, 1982) before and after training intervention. Results showed that there is a significant difference between experimental and control group, and this difference is to trained group's advantage. Self-encouragement training has significantly increased assertiveness skills and the general self-efficacy of household-headed females in experimental group. Self-encouragement training as a skill can promote assertiveness skills and the general self-efficacy, so beside other economic and social protections this training is also recommended to empower the household-headed women.