Phenomenological Study of the Happiness Themes of Female Faculty Members of Mazandaran University
Subject Areas : Quarterly Journal of Woman and Society
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar
Keywords: Happiness, Professionalism, Gender equality, Facilities and subsistence, Academic independence,
Abstract :
Happiness is a lost contemporary human being and the ultimate goal of all human beings and in today's world, it has become one of the challenges facing mankind that is influenced by various factors. The purpose of this study was to identify the themes of happiness among female faculty members. The present research is a qualitative research methodology and phenomenological method. The statistical population includes faculty members of Mazandaran University, which has 71 members. Qualitative data was collected from semi-structured interviews from 24 people. The validity and reliability of the study were verified on the basis of validity, transferability, reliability, and verifiability. The method of data analysis in this study was thematic analysis (comprehensive, organizing, and inclusive). The results showed that themes of faculty happiness were followed by gender equality organizing themes, professionalism, Paying attention to facilities and subsistence, Intimate relationships, timely financial payments and academic independence.
Key words: Happiness, Gender equality, Professionalism, Facilities and subsistence, Intimate relationships, Timely financial payments, Academic independence.
-Abedini Baltork, M & Mansoori, S(2018). Identifying and leveling the barriers to women's managerial promotion in an interpretive structural modeling education system. Women in Development and Politics. 16 (3): 414-397).In persian).
-Abedini Baltork, M .(2015).Explaining the characteristics of a constructivist curriculum in higher education and determining its realization in postgraduate courses at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Isfahan: University of Isfahan).In persian).
-Alipour, A & et al. (2006). Happiness and immune function. Journal of Psychology. 15: 219 - 231).In persian).
-Argyle, Michael (2004). The Psychology of Happiness. Translation: Massoud Gohari Anarak. Isfahan: Academic Jihad) .In persian).
-Atashak M (2012). Evaluating Gender Justice in the Iranian Education System. Women in Development and Politics.10(4): 127-157.(In persian).
-Azerbaijani, M and Ali Mohammadi, K (2010). Construction and Validation of the Happiness Test of Islam. Islamic Education. 10: 123-150 (In persian).
-Bakhtiari S & Fathabadi M (2010). The Relationship between Unemployment and Inflation with Happiness and Welfare: An Experimental Study for Selected Asian Countries. Tehran: Strategic Report, Deputy of Economic Research (In persian).
-Barkhoda, S. J. (2016). An Analytical Study of Joy and Happiness and its Affecting Factors and Level of Influence of the Most Important Factors among School Teachers (Case Study: Primary Schools of Marivan). New Research in Management and Accounting. 2 (4): 41- 55).In persian).
-Beiramipour, A (2011). Investigation of Descriptive Qualitative Evaluation Plan in Primary Schools of Iran and Providing Theoretical Framework for its Proper Implementation. (PhD Thesis: Curriculum Planning). University of Isfahan, Isfahan ).In persian).
-Bruckmuller S, Ryan M.k, Rink F & Haslam A.S (2014). Beyond the Glass Ceiling: The Glass Cliff and Its Lessons for Organizational Policy.Social Issues and Policy Review. 8(1): PP 202ـ 232.
-Dadashzadeh Asl, M; Kowsari, M and Nobakht, M.B. (2013). The Role of Influencing Factors in Motivating Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University, Astara Branch. Few studies in management. 4 (4): 230-211).In persian).
-Diehl, A B and Dzubinski L.M (2016). Making the Invisible Visible: A Cross-Sector Analysis of Gender-Based Leadership Barriers. Human Resource Development Quarterly. 27(2): PP 181-206.
-Emami Sigaroudi, A; Dehghan Nayeri, N; Rahnavard, Z and Nouri Saeed, A (2012). Qualitative Research Methodology: Phenomenology. Comprehensive Nursing & Midwifery. 22; 56-63).In persian).
-Fitzsimmons T. W. Callan V. J. (2016). Applying a capital perspective to explain continued gender inequality in the C-suite. The Leadership Quarterly. 27(3): PP 354-370.
-Gall, M; Borg, W & Gall, J et al. (2007). Quantitative and qualitative research method in educational sciences and psychology. Translated by: Ahmad Reza Nasr et al, Tehran: The Samt and Shahid Beheshti).In persian).
-Ganji, M. (2008). Analysis of Sociological Factors Affecting Happiness of Household Heads in Isfahan (PhD Thesis). Isfahan: University of Isfahan).In persian).
-ghasemi, M and Salehi, K (2017). Pathology Barriers and Challenges for New Faculty Members. Iranian Higher Education. 9 (2): 103-81).In persian).
-Gholami, M. Hosseini, M. A. Maddah, S. B. Jafari, N. Najafi, F. (2013) “The Role of University Social Capital in Facilitating Clinical Education in Nursing.” Strides in Development of Medical Education.10 (1): 119-123.(In persian).
-Hashemianfar, J (2007). Investigating the Factors Affecting Social Inequalities with Emphasis on Social Capital (PhD Thesis). Isfahan: University of Isfahan).In persian).
-Helliwell J.F; Huang H & Wang SH. (2017). The Social Foundations of World Happiness. Columbia: The earth Institute Columbia University.
-Hemmati, R (2018). Feeling of happiness and its affecting academic factors (Case study: female students of Isfahan University). Applied Sociology. 23(4): 21-38.(In persian).
-Jafarnezhad, A; Esfidani, M.R. (2007). The Status of Women in Employment and Management (Iran Case Study), Women's Studies. 3 (7): 77–103).In persian).
-JanaliZadeh Chobesti, H; Farzaneh, S & Gholami, A.A (2013). Correlation between Quality of Life and Scientific Productivity of Faculty Members. Sociological Studies of Youth. 4 (12): 56-31).In persian).
-Javahery, F & Daryapur, Z (2008). Occupational Problems of Women Faculty Member. Women's Research. 6 (2): 106-79).In persian).
-Keshavarz, A and Vafaian, M. (2007). Investigating Factors Influencing Happiness. Investigating Factors Influencing Happiness. Applied Psychology.2 (5): 51-62).In persian).
-Kumar Pradhan R & Hati L (2017). Impact of employee wellbeing on psychological empowerment: mediating role of happiness. Int. J. Manufacturing Technology and Management.31(6): 581-595
-Lalaei, S (2007). The Impact of Cultural Programs on Happiness and Increasing Productivity of Municipal Organization. Urban Management Studies. 7 (23): 65-75).In persian).
-Malekzadeh, Gho & Rahnama, S.N. (2016). Investigating Factors Influencing Employees' Joy at Work. Second International Conference on ICT Management and Communication. Tehran: Khadamat Bartar).In persian).
-Mazaheri, N.(2007). Investigating the Relationship between Religious Attitude, Coping Styles (Efficient and Inefficient), and Happiness of Pre-university Students in District 9 of Tehran (M.Sc.). Tehran: Al-Zahra University).In persian).
-Mirghafouri, S. H. (2006). Identifying and ranking the factors affecting the appointment of women to managerial positions in government agencies in Yazd province. women Studies. 4 (1): 101-122).In persian).
-Mohammadian Mansour S, Gol Khandan A.A, KHansari M & Gol Khandan D(2015). Analysis of socio-economic factors affecting happiness (an econometric analysis taking into account religious constraints). social development and welfare Planning.25:125-163(In persian).
-Mohammadzadeh P,Asgharpour H & Moniei O(2013). Investigating the Impact of Income on Workforce Happiness in Iran. Economic Research.48: 139-15.(In persian).
-Mohammadzadeh Z & Salehi K (2015). Pathology of Happiness and scientific dynamics in scientific and academic centers A study with phenomenological approach. The Macro and Strategic Policies. 3(11): 1-25. (In persian).
-Moore S and Rosenthal D (2018).Women and Retirement. London: Routledge.
-Omidian, M. (2009). A Survey of General Health and Happiness in Yazd University Students. Ferdowsi University Educational and Psychological Studies. 10 (1): 116-101 ).In persian).
-Poursardar N,Feizaalah pour S, Panahandeh A, Sangari A.A & Abdi zarin S(2013). The Impact of Optimism on Mental Health and Life Satisfaction: A Psychological Model of Well-Being.Hakim. 16(1): 42-49.(In persian).
-Rink, F., Ryan, M. K. & Stoker, J. I. (2013). “Clarifying the precariousness of the glass cliff: How social resources and gender stereotypes affect the evaluation of leaders in times of crisis”, European Journal of Social Psychology, 43: PP 381–392.
-Rad M,Torkmannejad Sabzevari M & Karimi Moonaghi H.(2015).Dealing with Challenging behaviors(incivility) in medical sciences students: A review study. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences. 3(1): 49-58.(In persian).
-Ruprah, I. J. & Luengas, P. (2011). Monetary policy and Nhappiness: Preferences over Inflation and Unemployment in Latin America. The Journal of Socio-Economics.40:59-66.
-Sadeghi R, Zareeipour M.A, Akbari H & Beigi M.KH. (2011). Mental health status and its related factors in women referred to health centers. Health and care. 13(4): 1-9.(In persian).
-Sarraf, A and Arasteh, M. (2006). Pathology of Payroll Management Systems. Management. 107/108: 73-69).In persian).
-Shaditalab, zh and Ebrahimpour, S. (2017). Recounting Women's Experiences in Promotion to a Master's Degree in Iranian Universities. Social Welfare. 17 (66): 105-53).In persian).
-Sooky Z (2014). Investigating Happiness and its Related Factors in Married Women Referred to Health Centers of Shahroud City. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 16(9): 211-222.
-Tajmazinani A.A & Hamed M (2014). A Study of the Transformation of Gender Culture in Textbooks (A Comparative Study of the First Persian Elementary Books of 1978, 1983, 2003). social Sciences.104: 64-73.(In persian).
-Taleghani GH, Pourezzat A.A & Faraji B.(2009). Survey on the Effect of Glass Ceiling on Decrease of Women Empowerment in Iran Power Development Co (IPDC).Public Administration. 1(2): 89-102).In persian).
-Winches ter, P. M. H. & Browning, L. (2015). Gender Equality in Academia: a Critical Reflection. Journal of higher education, policy and management,37(3), 269-281
-Wirth, l.(2002), breaking through the glass ceiling: women in management". Geneva: ILO.
-Yorulmaz O (2016). Relationship between Happiness and Gender Inequality Index: Canonical Commonality Analysis. Research in World Economy. 7 (1): 11-20.
_||_