A review on approaches of women's gender identity

Subject Areas : Sport Management

فریبا Zargar Shirazi ¹ (Instructor of Psychology in Islamic Azad University (Abaden Branch))

Received: 2010-04-20 Accepted : 2010-05-11 Published : 2009-12-22

Keywords:

Abstract :

This paper studied effective factors in gender identity and individual differences between men and women. Mythological, psychological and social approaches were reviewed. Mythological approaches were man-centered. Psycho- analitical theory emphasises on psycho-sexual causes. Evolutionary psychology supported the genetical origin of social roles for masculinity and fiminity in the specices. Social learning theory believed that observational learning, imitiation and reinforcement are the main factors in gender identity. Cognitive approaches purposed that the information processing for gender role- schemas make self- concepts of gender identity. Feministic theories emphasises on social and cultural forces in passivity of women versus men. Androgyny model pointed that both men and women can accept other roles and function similarilly. Islamic approache believed men and women had created equally and so, they have equal rights in society.