Plotting Psychological and Cultural Characteristics of the Clientelism Phenomenon Among Female Managers: A Systematic Review Based on Wright's Model

Subject Areas : Sport Management

Tayyebe Homayounmehr ¹ , Shams Alsadat Zahedi ^{2 *} , Mohammad Montazeri ³

1 - Ph.D. Candidate in Human Resource Management, Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran
2 - Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2024-12-25 Accepted : 2025-02-21 Published : 2025-09-09

Keywords: Cultural characteristics, Psychological characteristics, Clientelism,

Abstract :

The purpose of the present study was to identify the psychological and cultural characteristics, underlying the phenomenon of clientelism among female managers. The research population enfolded 105 articles that were published in specialized and scientific databases over the past decade on the promotion of female managers and related fields. The research sample subsumed 27 articles which were selected via purposive sampling procedure based on thematic monitoring, theoretical saturation of data, and data collection. Research data was collected from qualitative analysis of the documents under study. By analyzing the data, the plotting psychological and cultural characteristics of the phenomenon of clientelism among female managers were organized into two dimensions: cultural (including reduced social capital, unhealthy social networking, weak organizational culture, rent seeking, inefficient employment and supervisory system) and psychological (including negative emotionality, self-centeredness, weakness in recognizing individual potential, and insufficient professional belonging and commitment).

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