Study of causes of Pityriasis in horses in provinces of Tehran, Alborz and Golestan
Subject Areas :
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
sina Abdizadeh kari bozorg
1
,
Afshin Raoofi
2
,
Hesameddin Akbarein
3
,
Arash Tazikeh
4
,
hamid Tavanaiemanesh
5
1 - Resident of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 - DVSc Graduate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
5 - Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Received: 2021-06-10
Accepted : 2021-09-28
Published : 2021-10-23
Keywords:
Iran,
horse,
Fungus,
Mange,
Pityriasis,
Abstract :
Pityriasis or dandruff is the presence of too many bran-like scales on the skin. According to the available information and based on previous studies, this complication exists in horse care and breeding centers in Tehran, Alborz and Golestan provinces with different frequencies. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of Pityriasis and its effective factors in horses of the mentioned provinces. The present study was performed on the population of horses in equestrian complexes of Tehran, Alborz and Golestan provinces. Based on history and clinical findings, horses with Pityriasis were identified and then the necessary samples were taken and sent to the relevant laboratories. In this study, 74 horses with Pityriasis were identified that mange (56.76%), insect bites hypersensitivity (24.32%) and ringworm (18.92%) were the most important causes of Pityriasis. Among possible affecting factors, breed, sex, age, insect control and density had no significant association but significant relationship (p<0.05) was recorded among season, sanitary conditions, type of accompanying lesion and animal bedding with Pityriasis. According to this study, mange is the most common cause of Pityriasis in horses in Tehran, Alborz and Golestan provinces. Pityriasis predominantly occurs in summer and the most common type of accompanying lesion is alopecia.
References:
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Araghi-Sooreh, A., Chahardoli, A. and Hassanpour, A. (2012). Fungi isolated from the skin lesions of Ghezel and Makui sheep with suspected ringworm in Urmia, Iran. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 6(1):1477-1481. [In Persian]
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Balogun, R.B., Jegede, H.O., Jibril, A., Kwanashie, C.N. and Kazeem, H.M. (2017). Prevalence and distribution of dermatophytes among domestic horses in Kwara state, Nigeria. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Science, 15(152): 1-6.
Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H. and Grünberg,W. (2017).Veterinary Medicine, A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horse, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats. 11th ed., St. Louis: Elsevier Ltd, pp: 1120-1234.
Curnow, B. (2020). Diagnosis and management of the itchy horse. In Practice, 42(1): 47-55.
Davenport, J. and Smith, D. (2020). Equine Hypersensitivity: the Dark Horse of Allergy. Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology, 59(3): 352-358.
Ghadrdan-Mashhadi, A., Khaje, Gh. and Mokhtari, P. (2013). Seasonal changes of vitamin A levels of serum in Khozestan Arab horses. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 7(26): 1874-1880. [In Persian]
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Osman, S.A., Hanafy, A. and Amer, S.E. (2006). Clinical and therapeutic studies on mange in horses. Veterinary Parasitology, 141(1-2): 191-195.
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Schurink, A., van Grevenhof, E.M., Ducro, B.J. and van Arendonk, J.A.M. (2009). Heritability and repeatability of insect bite hypersensitivity in Dutch Shetland breeding mares. Journal of Animal Science, 87(2): 484-490.
Scott, D.W. and Miller, W.H. (2011). Equine Dermatology. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier, pp: 212-404.
Steinman, A., Peer, G. and Klement, E. (2003). Epidemiological study of Culicoides hypersensitivity in horses in Israel. Veterinary Record, 152(24): 748-751.
Torsteinsdottir, S., Scheidegger, S., Baselgia, S., Jonsdottir, S., Svansson, V., Bjornsdottir, S., et al. (2018). A prospective study on insect bite hypersensitivity in horses exported from Iceland into Switzerland. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 60(1): 69-77.
Van den Boom, R., Ducro, B. and Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, M.M. (2008). Identification of factors associated with the development of insect bite hypersensitivity in horses in The Netherlands. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd, 133(13): 554-559.
Van Grevenhof, E.M., Ducro, B., Heuven, H.C. and Bijma, P. (2007). Identification of environmental factors affecting the prevalence of insect bite hypersensitivity in Shetland ponies and Friesian horses in The Netherlands. Equine Veterinary Journal, 39(1): 69-73.
Yahyaei, M. and Ebrahimi, M.M. (2000). Survey on Horse Dermatophytosis in Golestan, Iran. Archive of Razi Institute, 51(1): 137-141.
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Ahdy, A.M., Sayed-Ahmed, M.Z., Younis E.E., Baraka, H.N. and El-Khodery, S.A. (2016). Prevalence and Potential Risk Factors of Dermatophytosis in Arabian Horses in Egypt. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 37(1): 71-76.
Araghi-Sooreh, A., Chahardoli, A. and Hassanpour, A. (2012). Fungi isolated from the skin lesions of Ghezel and Makui sheep with suspected ringworm in Urmia, Iran. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 6(1):1477-1481. [In Persian]
Bakhoum, M.T., Fall, M., Seck, M.T., Gardès, L., Fall, A.G., Diop, M., et al. (2016). Foraging range of arthropods with veterinary interest: New insights for Afrotropical Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) using the ring method. Acta Tropica, 157(1) : 59-67.
Balogun, R.B., Jegede, H.O., Jibril, A., Kwanashie, C.N. and Kazeem, H.M. (2017). Prevalence and distribution of dermatophytes among domestic horses in Kwara state, Nigeria. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Science, 15(152): 1-6.
Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H. and Grünberg,W. (2017).Veterinary Medicine, A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horse, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats. 11th ed., St. Louis: Elsevier Ltd, pp: 1120-1234.
Curnow, B. (2020). Diagnosis and management of the itchy horse. In Practice, 42(1): 47-55.
Davenport, J. and Smith, D. (2020). Equine Hypersensitivity: the Dark Horse of Allergy. Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology, 59(3): 352-358.
Ghadrdan-Mashhadi, A., Khaje, Gh. and Mokhtari, P. (2013). Seasonal changes of vitamin A levels of serum in Khozestan Arab horses. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 7(26): 1874-1880. [In Persian]
Haggag, Y.N., Samaha, H.A., Nossair, M.A. and Mohammad, A.EL.R.M.H. (2017). Prevalence of Dermatophytosis in some animals and Human in Behera Province, Egypt. Alexandria Journal for Veterinary Science, 53(2): 64-71.
Hamad, M.H., Mohamed, E.M., EL-Blkemy, A.F., Abouzeid, N.Z. and Tartor, Y.H. (2019). Clinical and Laboratory Studies On Equine Dermatophytosis. BENHA Veterinary Medical Journal, 6(1): 23-31.
Horace, H.M., FRCVs. (2002). Veterinary Notes for Horse Owners. 18th ed., New York: Simon and Schuster, pp: 150-155.
Jonsdottir, S., Cvitas, I., Svansson, V., Gabriel, A.F., Torsteinsdottir, S. and Marti, E. (2019). New Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Insect Bite Hypersensitivity in Horses. Current Dermatology Reports, 8(7): 303-312.
Karasek, I., Butler, C., Baynes, R. and Werners, A. (2020). A review on the treatment and control of ectoparasite infestations in equids. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 43(5): 421-428.
Klier, J., Geis, S., Steuer, J., Geh, K., Reese, S., Fuchs, S., et al. (2018). A comparison of nanoparticulate CpG immunotherapy with and without allergens in spontaneously equine asthma‐affected horses, an animal model. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease, 6(1): 81-96.
Ola-Fadunsin, S.D., Ganiyu, I.A., Hussain, K. and Rabiu, M. (2018). Occurrence of Parasitic Diseases of Horses in Osun State, Nigeria: A Retrospective Evaluation. Alexandria Journal for Veterinary Sciences, 56(1): 175-181.
Osman, S.A., Hanafy, A. and Amer, S.E. (2006). Clinical and therapeutic studies on mange in horses. Veterinary Parasitology, 141(1-2): 191-195.
Reed, S., Bayly, W. and Sellon, D. (2017). Equine Internal Medicine. 4th ed., St. Lous: Elsevier Ltd. pp: 682-730.
Sadeghian- Chaleshtori, S., Sharifzadeh, A., Ragh, J., Tavanaeimanesh, H. and Ahmadi, A. (2018). Occurrence of dermatophytosis in different age groups in a dairy farm around Tehran. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 11(44): 349-356. [In Persian]
Sazmand, A., Bahari, A., Papi, S. and Otranto, D. (2020). Parasitic diseases of equids in Iran (1931–2020): a literature review. Parasites and Vectors, 13(1): 586-594.
Schurink, A., van Grevenhof, E.M., Ducro, B.J. and van Arendonk, J.A.M. (2009). Heritability and repeatability of insect bite hypersensitivity in Dutch Shetland breeding mares. Journal of Animal Science, 87(2): 484-490.
Scott, D.W. and Miller, W.H. (2011). Equine Dermatology. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier, pp: 212-404.
Steinman, A., Peer, G. and Klement, E. (2003). Epidemiological study of Culicoides hypersensitivity in horses in Israel. Veterinary Record, 152(24): 748-751.
Torsteinsdottir, S., Scheidegger, S., Baselgia, S., Jonsdottir, S., Svansson, V., Bjornsdottir, S., et al. (2018). A prospective study on insect bite hypersensitivity in horses exported from Iceland into Switzerland. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 60(1): 69-77.
Van den Boom, R., Ducro, B. and Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, M.M. (2008). Identification of factors associated with the development of insect bite hypersensitivity in horses in The Netherlands. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd, 133(13): 554-559.
Van Grevenhof, E.M., Ducro, B., Heuven, H.C. and Bijma, P. (2007). Identification of environmental factors affecting the prevalence of insect bite hypersensitivity in Shetland ponies and Friesian horses in The Netherlands. Equine Veterinary Journal, 39(1): 69-73.
Yahyaei, M. and Ebrahimi, M.M. (2000). Survey on Horse Dermatophytosis in Golestan, Iran. Archive of Razi Institute, 51(1): 137-141.
