Explaining the relationship between proportions in the creation system with The proportions of Iranian Islamic architecture and the reflection of mystical themes in it

Subject Areas : Nameh Elahiyat

Majid Taheri Damaneh ¹ , Abuza Majlesi Kupaei ² , Shirin Toghyani ³

1 - PhD student, Department of Architecture, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran (corresponding author).
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran

Received: 2022-07-04 Accepted : 2022-07-04 Published : 2021-10-23

Keywords: Quran, Quantitative proportions, qualitative proportions, Islamic architecture of Iran, creation system,

Abstract :

There is humanity. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportionality in the system of existence and putting everything in its place, which is the qualitative proportionality that is also called developmental justice. Appropriate location, attention to the environment, use of appropriate materials, appropriateness of structure and architecture, avoiding futility and paying attention to man and all levels of his needs in architecture are among the principles of architecture, the need to pay attention to them is inevitable in the formation of rational or justice-oriented architecture. All the features that are associated with the word appropriateness or appropriateness are some examples of qualitative proportions in Iranian architecture, the proportion of the relationship between sizes, and in the visual arts, it indicates the appropriate relationship between the parts with each other and with the whole formed from the parts. Many examples of beautiful proportions and especially the golden ratio are found in nature (quantitative proportions). Also, in the architectural works of the past, especially the architectural works of Iran in the Islamic period, beautiful proportions have a deep and wide application. In addition to the relationship between sizes, qualitative proportions or in other words occasion are also considered in places of the creation system and in constructions and are considered as a manifestation of central justice. In this research, by examining the quantitative and qualitative proportions in the creation system and in Islamic architecture, the relationship between the two has been explained. In this regard, by studying the concepts and examples of quantitative and qualitative proportions as well as theories related to Islamic art in a descriptive-analytical method and with logical reasoning, the conclusion was reached that proportions in the quantitative and qualitative dimension are a manifestation of God's goodness in manifested creatures. It is found and then perceived by the artist and its reflection is manifested in human works including architecture. God's goodness that is manifested in the creations in art in the form of geometry, proportions, harmony, rhythm, balance, etc. is revealed by the artist. In architecture, geometry and proportions are the expression of God's justice and destiny and the manifestation of His goodness, which the artist has reflected. Justice in architecture and urban planning is interpreted as balance and all-round and inclusive proportions, that is, quantitative proportions and qualitative relationships, and compliance with proportion means beauty in its true sense.