Historical sociology of the role of Ayaran in the socio-political history of Iran
Subject Areas : sociologyOmran Ghasemi 1 , Davoud Esfahanian 2 * , Mahboub Mahdavian 3 , masoumeh ghareh daghi 4
1 - Ph. D. Student in History of Islamic Civilization and Nations, khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, khoy, Iran
2 - Professor of Department of History, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran. (Corresponding Author).
3 - Associate Professor of Department of History, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran.
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of History, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran.
Keywords: Ayaran, Socio- Political History, Iran, Sociology.,
Abstract :
Ayars were a group of brave and fearless young men who had an active presence in the society in times of unrest and disorder and faced the society and the government and defended the weak. The purpose of this article is to study the historical sociology of Ayyaran's role in the socio-political history of Iran. The research method was descriptive-analytical documents. The results of this research show that, in the second century of Hijri, Ayrans were among the influential groups in the political developments of Iranian society. Their nature was populist and they often came from the most deprived social strata and were adorned with virtues such as heart, courage, skill and art. Their growth and persistence were in the critical periods of the communities and manifested as a reaction against political and social disturbances. They relied on moral grounds, and their campaigns were often focused on repelling and eliminating riots. They were supported by the toilers and the poor of their community. Their activities had obvious and hidden practical aspects, and sometimes they rose up in groups and sometimes they acted individually
1. Afifi, Abul Ala. (2007). Malamatiyeh wal Sufiyyah va Ahl al- Futwah, translated by Mehdi Tadayin.
2. Ansari, Hassan; Abu Sahl. Nobakhti. (1999). The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, Volume. 5.
3. Ashtari Tafreshi, Ezzatollah. (1990). The Ayyar Movement from the Beginning to the Second Pahlavi Dynasty, Tehran: Avaye Noor Publications.
4. Bahar, Mohammad Taqi. (1997). History of Sistan, Padideh Khavar Publications.
5. Corbon, Henry. (2003). The Cult of Bravery, translated by Ehsan Naraghi, Tehran: Sokhan Publications.
6. Gashtasb, Farzaneh; Et Al. (2015). The Effect of the Three Acts of Ancient Iran on the Secrets of the Initiation Ritual of the Ayyar, Cultural History Studies, Research Paper of the Association Iranian History, Year. 6, Issue. 23.
7. Hajveiri, Abolhasan Ali Ibn Othman. (2005). The Discovery of Al- Mahjoob, with an introduction by Mahmoud Abedi, Tehran, Soroush.
8. Hakemi, Esmaeil. (2003). The Religion of Fatu'at and Chivalry, Tehran: Asatir Publications.
9. Heidari, Ali and Naser, Dowlatshah. (2012). Manifestations of Sufism, Fatu'at and Shi'ism in Ancient and Zurkhaneh Sports of Iran, Bi- Quarterly Journal of Research in Sports Management and Movement Behavior, Year. 2, Issue. 4.
10. Karamipour, Hamid. (2013). A Study of the Social Dimensions of the Futot Ritual in Khorasan from the Third Century to the Sixth Century, Social History Research, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Year. 3, Issue. 1.
11. Kashefi, Hossein. (2004). The Futot Nameh of Soltani, edited by Mohammad Jafar Mahjoub, Tehran, Iranian Cultural Foundation.
12. Nafisi, Saeed. (1968). The Origin of Sufism in Iran, Tehran: Foroughi Publications.
13. Owfi, Sadid al- Din Mohammad. (2003) Selected collections of stories and stories from the third part, edited by Jafar Shaar, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publications, 7th edition.
14. Sobhani, Tofigh. (2009). Malamatian and Fatu'atian, Journal of Information on Wisdom and Knowledge.
15. Tarsousi, Abu Taher. (2001). Abu Muslim Nameh, by the efforts of Hassan Esmaeili, Tehran: Moein Publications, Volume. 1.
16. Vaez Kashfi Sabzevari, Mulla Hossein. (1977). The Futotnameh of Soltani, edited by Mohammad Jafar Mahjoob, Tehran, Iranian Culture Foundation