Using the Ultrasonic Nondestructive Methods for Prediction of Mechanical Properties of AISI 4140 Alloy Steel

Subject Areas : Journal of Simulation and Analysis of Novel Technologies in Mechanical Engineering

محمد حمیدنیا ¹ , فرهنگ هنرور ²

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی
2 - دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی

Received: 2015-09-29 Accepted : 2015-09-29 Published : 2010-12-22

Keywords: Mechanical properties of steel, Ultrasonic nondestructive method, AISI 4140, Uncertainty analysis,

Abstract :

Achieving the mechanical properties of steels after various manufacturing and heat treatment processes is significant and essential. In production lines, after producing the specific and standard samples, mechanical properties have been measured by destructive processes which cause waste of cost and time. In addition, destructive techniques cannot detect the miniscule changes made in mechanical properties of steel during heat treatment processes. In this paper, the ultrasonic nondestructive method is used for accurate measuring the elastic properties of AISI 4140 steel samples which are heat treated at different levels. Each sample has its specific microstructure and hardness due to the heat treatment process it has gone through. The elastic properties of each sample are obtained by measuring the velocities of longitudinal and shear waves in each sample. On the other hand, for detecting the error resources and evaluation of precision of measuring method, uncertainty analysis is performed. A good agreement is noted between results obtained from ultrasonic measurements and available information in reference tables and it was shown that the ultrasonic technique can measure the elastic properties of AISI 4140 samples with high accuracy. In sum, achieved results show that the maximum value of mechanical properties belongs to the microstructure with higher hardness and with decreasing the hardness these properties, also, decline.

References:

[1] الوک نایار، مترجمین حسن غیاثوند، حجت اله عالی، محمدرضا رهگذر راهنمای جامع فولاد، تهران: جهان جام‌جم، 1384.

[2] Vasudevan M.,  Palanichamy P., Characterization of Microstructural Changes During Annealing of Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Using Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements and Correlation with Mechanical Properties, Jmepeg,  11, 2002, pp. 169-179. ASTM Standard,

[3] Designation: E 797 – 95, Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Contact Method.

[4] Rajendran V., Palanivelu N., Chaudhuri B. K., A device for the measurement of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in solid materials under different thermal conditions, Measurement, 38, 2005, pp.  248–25.

[5] Murthy G. V. S., Sridhar G., Kumar A., Jayakumar T., Characterization of intermetallic precipitates in a Nimonic alloy by ultrasonic velocity measurements, MaterialsCharacterization,
60, 2009,  pp. 234-239.

[6] Carreon H., Ruiz A., Medina A., Barrera G., Zarate J., Characterization of the alumina–zirconia ceramic system by ultrasonic velocity measurements, Materials Characterization, 60, 2009, pp. 875-881.

[7] Zawrah M. F., El-Gazery M., Mechanical properties of SiC ceramics by ultrasonic nondestructive technique and its bioactivity, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 106, 2007, pp. 330–337.

[8] Moro A., Farina C., Rossi F., Measurement of ultrasonic wave velocity in steel for various structures and degrees of cold-working, NDT International, August 1980.

[9] Gur C. H., Tuncer B. O., Characterization of microstructural phases of steels by sound velocity measurement, Materials Characterization, 55, 2005, pp.160– 166.

[10] ASTM Standard, Designation:E 214, Standard Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Examination by the Reflection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves.

[11] ASTM Standard, Designation: E 1001, Standard Practice for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by the Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Method Using Longitudinal Waves.

[12] رنجبر، ابوالفضل، حاجی‌زاده، عبدالحسین، تئوری خطاها، تهران، مقدس، 1388.

[13] دشتی زاده، مرتضی، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، 1385.

[14] قربانی سالخورد، محسن، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیر الدین طوسی، 1383.

[15] Colman H. W., Steel W. G., Experimental and Uncerainty Analysis forEngineers, 2th Edition, John wiley and Sons Inc, 1999.

[16] ASTM Standard, Designation: E 797 – 95, Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Contact Method