Analysis and ranking of the factors affecting the design of sustainable housing in the cold and dry climate of Iran on the optimization of energy consumption ( Case study: Sabzevar city)
Subject Areas : Sustainable Architecture
Jamaledin Mehdinejad Darzi,
1
,
Amir Hossein Shirdel
2
*
1 - Professor, School of Architecture and Urban Design Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University (SRTTU)
2 - دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران
Keywords: Sustainable housing, sustainable architecture, cold and dry climate, energy,
Abstract :
Nowadays, one of the most important problems of humans is excessive consumption of energy. Considering that the construction industry accounts for more than 40% of the energy used and this issue is about 36.07% in Iran, therefore, the design of effective buildings in improving the conditions and in the direction of less damage to the environment is a necessary matter. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to establish and ensure the level of human comfort in the building, with the least use of non-renewable energy and choosing the optimal and correct model in the field of climate design, in the cold and dry climate with the case study of Sabzevar city. Sustainable housing in Sabzevar city is the problem of this research. According to its nature, the present research has a combined method including quantitative and qualitative, which by applying and interpreting the climatic data related to Sabzevar city and using the climate analysis software Climate Consultant and the thermal comfort model ASHRAE 55 to investigate and study water changes. and air has been discussed in a period of almost 30 years, also by using library documents and examining the materials in a descriptive-analytical way, finally 20 design strategies have been introduced. The results show that in the city of Sabzevar, the number of months in which environmental comfort conditions are established is small, and the use of heating and cooling measures has reached its maximum, so after proving the validity and validity of the research, suggestions such as using the canopy Planting trees with diverse plant species, choosing materials with high heat capacity, creating natural ventilation, using native materials and other strategies that are fully mentioned in the article are among the most important solutions
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Today, one of the most important issues that mankind is facing is the excessive consumption of energy. Given that the construction industry accounts for more than 40% of the energy used by humans, which is about 36.07% in our dear country of Iran. is, therefore, the design of buildings that are effective in improving the conditions is a necessary and urgent matter. Today, architects believe that by using and paying attention to clean energies such as solar energy, wind energy, water energy, etc., they reduce the environmental problems and during and after the operation of the building and even its destruction, the said problems are solved in the form of reduce significantly. In addition to preserving the environment, the reduction of these problems has a great impact on the health of all living things, including humans, today, reducing energy consumption and designing and building sustainable housing, as well as establishing laws and regulations such as Lead, Green, Brim, etc. are among them. Most of the basics of climate design and attention to the environment are among the most important issues in the world.
Methodology
Considering its nature, this research also has a hybrid method, at first, with the help of the library method, the documents, books, articles and views of scientists were investigated, then by choosing the city of Sabzevar as a case study, the weather and climatic conditions of this city were investigated. It was analyzed by Climate Consultant climate analysis software by examining the main influencing factors such as temperature, wet and dry temperature, geothermal energy, the amount of energy received in sunny hours, relative humidity and dry temperature, etc., analysis of comfort condition charts and ranking The classification of influencing factors in summer and winter was done based on the data obtained from the software. After a detailed review, the objectives of climate design are extracted and solutions to improve the limitations are presented; To form buildings with the least need for mechanical systems as much as possible and reduce environmental pollution.
Results and discussion
Global warming and climate change are among the most fundamental problems in the world. 70% of the world's cities are facing this problem, and megacities produce more than 70% of greenhouse gases, including carbon monoxide (CO). They also consume 2% of the world's energy. Therefore, attention to the creation of global warming is strongly dependent on the future behavior of cities, including important urban elements, which are built, each of which, like flames, affects this amount of warming. It prompted the research to look for solutions to slow down this process and reduce environmental problems
Conclusion
The important results of this research can be mentioned in three subjects, 1- analysis and investigation of the climate of Sabzevar city, 2- identification, analysis and ranking of the effectiveness of each factor in creating human comfort conditions, 3- providing solutions and Suggestions to achieve this important subject. By using Climate Consultant's energy analysis software, 20 of the most important solutions to reach the level of comfort with the least damage to the environment have been provided, which can be used as models for sustainable and friendly architecture in design for architects. The environment should be used, suggestions such as using canopy, planting trees with diverse plant species, choosing materials with high heat capacity, creating natural ventilation, using light colored materials, using open plans for natural ventilation, reducing windows. facing the west, using double-glazed windows, etc., which is fully discussed in the article, is one of the most important solutions.
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