Assessing the Impact of Land Use-Land Cover Changes on Earth's Surface Temperature Using Remote Sensing Data (Case Study: Isfahan County)

Subject Areas :

Fatemeh Bina ¹ , Baharak Motamedvaziri ^{2 *} , Hassan Khosravi ³ , Hadi Kiadaliri ⁴

1 - Department of Nature Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - 2) Associate Professor, Department of Nature Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Professor, Department of Arid and Mountainous Regions Reclamation, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 - Associate Professor, Department of Environment and Forest Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2025-02-28 Accepted : 2025-05-23 Published : 2025-03-17

Keywords: Isfahan, Land use, Landsat, Remote Sensing, Vegetation Cover Index,

Abstract :

Land use changes and temperature increases in human habitats significantly impact human health and the surrounding ecosystem. This study utilised Landsat 5 and 8-9 sensor images to assess the extent of land use changes and Earth's surface temperature from 1993 to 2013. Land use change maps were generated using the Random Forest machine learning method, after which the accuracy and precision of these maps were assessed. The results indicated that during the period 1373-1403, in Isfahan city, the usage of saline land, barren lands, and urban or man-made areas increased by approximately 18.10% and 4%, respectively, while agricultural lands, pastures, reed beds, and waterbeds decreased by around 0.94%, 19.82%, 0.03%, and 1.30%, respectively. During this period, the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient surpassed 92 and 0.88, respectively, indicating sufficient accuracy and precision in preparing the existing land use maps. The results of examining changes in land surface temperature from 1372 to 1402 demonstrate that the largest percentage of Isfahan City's area falls within the category above 33 degrees Celsius. In 1372, 1382, 1392, and 1402, this class accounts for approximately 88.09%, 89.02%, 97.55%, and 98.24% of the region, respectively. Observations of land surface temperature across various land uses in 1372 indicate that the highest temperature is associated with urban and man-made areas, averaging 36.75 degrees Celsius. Meanwhile, the highest temperatures recorded in 1382, 1392, and 1402 are 38.54, 41.16, and 43.61 degrees Celsius, respectively, linked to salt marshes and barren lands.

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