The study on interaction effect of biologic fertilizers, mineral nitrogen fertilizer and hydropriming on emergence properties and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology
A.
Baghbani
1
(استادیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور)
Z.
Adavi
2
(استادیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور)
T.
Bakhtiari
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور)
Keywords: Azotobacter, Yield components, Emergence, Mycorrhizae,
Abstract :
Chickpea is the third most important pulse crop in the world, grown widely across Asia and the Middle East. In order to study the effect of on-farm hydropriming and two bio-fertilizers on emergence rate and yield characteristics of irrigated chickpea cultivar arman, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Agricultural Research Station of Kermanshah in the spring of 2016. The factors consisted of starter nitrogen (0, 25 and 50 kg/ha from sources urea) bio-fertilizer (Mycorrhizae, Azotobacter, both of them and no-application) and priming (priming and no-priming). Results showed that priming increased emergence percent by 7.6 and emergence rate by 19.8 in conjunction with mycorrhizae and 50 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer compared with no-primed, no- nitrogen and no bio-fertilizer. Highest biological and grain yield were 823.7 and 304 g.m-2 respectively that produced by primed seeds with application of two bio-fertilizers simultaneously at 50 and 25 kg/ha of nitrogen respectively that were 147 and 250 (1.47 and 2.50 times) percent more compared to their controls in own nitrogen fertilizer levels. In this study, the highest harvest index and number of pods/m2 were achieved in priming treatment with application of two bio-fertilizers simultaneously and nitrogen fertilizer consumption of 25 kg/ha.
آذرنیا، م.، و ح، ر، عیسوند. 1392. بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ و پرایمینگ هورمونی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود در شرایط دیم و آبی. نشریه تولید گیاهان زراعی. جلد 8، شماره 1: 135-127.
سلطانی، ا.، ف، قادری. و ح، معمار. 1386. تاثیر هیدروپرایمینگ بر مولفههای جوانهزنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه پنبه در شرایط تنش خشکی، مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. جلد 19، شماره 6: 33-21.
سلیمی،ح.، ح، عباس‌دخت.، ح، اصغریوا. و م، غلامی. 1389. تأثیر پرایمینگ در مزرعه بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد نخود. اولین همایش ملی کشاورزی پایدار و تولید محصول سالم. مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی منابع طبیعی اصفهان.
غلامی‌زالی، ع. 1393. اثر هیدروپرایمینگ و رژیم‌های آبیاری بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات رشد و فیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ‌های نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) در دو کشت بهاره و پاییزه، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان.
کوچکی، ل. و م، ع، تبریزی. 1387. ارزیابی کودهای بیولوژیکی بر ویژگیهای رشد، عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی گیاه دارویی زوفا. پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. جلد 16، شماره 2: 148-142.
لطیف زاده، م.، م، ع، ابوطالبیان.، م، زواره. و م، ربیعی. 1392. تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر در مزرعه و تاریخ کاشت بر خصوصیات ظهور گیاهچه، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد یک ژنوتیپ بومی لوبیا به عنوان کشت دوم در رشت. مجله علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران. جلد 44، شماره 3: 23-33.
Abbaspoor, A., Zabihi, H.R., Movafegh, S., and Akbari Asl, M.H. 2009. The efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGRP) on yield and yield components of two varieties of wheat in salinity conditions. American Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3(4): 824-828.
Afzal, I., Basra, S. M. A., Ahmad, R. and Iqbal, A. 2002. Effect of different seed vigour enhancement techniques on hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 39, 109-112.
Bakare, S. O. and Ukwungwu, M. N. 2009. On-farm evaluation of seed priming technology in Nigeria. African Journal of General Agriculture, 5, 93-97.
Borrell, A. K., Hummer, G. L. and Douglas, A. C. L. 2000. Dose maintaining green leaf area in sorghum improve yield under drought. I. Leaf growth and senescence. Crop Sci. 40: 1026-1037.
Carletti, S. 2002. Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in plant micropropagation. www.oag. Auburn. Edu/argentina/pdfmanuscripts/ carletti. Pdf.
Ellis, R. A. and Roberts, E. H. 1981. The quantification of ageing and survival orthodox seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 9, 373-409.
Erman, M., Demir, S., Ocak, E., Tufenkci, S., Oguz, F., and Akkopru, A. 2011. Effects of Rhizobium, arbuscular mycorrhiza and whey applications on some properties in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions 1-Yield, yield components, nodulation and AMF colonization". Earth Sci. 122: 14-24.
Garg, N. and Chandel, S. 2011. Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on growth, nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake in (Cicer arietinum L.) under salt stress Turk. J. Agric.4: 1-35.
Geneva, M., Zehirov, G., Djonova, E., Kaloyanova, N., and Georgie, G. 2006. The effect of inoculation of Pea plant with mycorrhizal fungi and Azetobacter on nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. Plant, Soil and Environment 52(10): 435-440.
Hameeda, B., Srijana, M., Rupela, O.P., and Reddy, G. 2007. Effect of bacteria isolated from composts and macrofauna on sorghum growth and mycorrhizal colonization. World J. Microbiol. Biotech. 23: 883–887.
Harris, D., Joshi, A., Khan, P.A., Gothkar, P. and Sodhi, P.S. 2001. On-farm seed priming in semi-arid agriculture: development and evaluation in maize, rice and chickpea in India using participatory methods. Experimental Agriculture, 35, 15-29.
Harris, D., Rashid, A., Miraj, G., Arif, M. and Shah, H. 2007. On-farm seed priming with zinc sulphate solution- a cost-effective way to increase the maize yields of resource-poor farmers. Field Crops Research, 102, 119-127.
Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Basra, S. M. A. and Ahmad, N. 2006. Influence of seed priming techniques on the seedling establishment, yield and quality of hybrid sunflower. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 8(1), 14-18.
ICRISAT. (International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). 2010. Chickpea Seed Production Manual.
Kaur, S., Gupta, A. K. & Kaur, N. 2005. Seed priming increase crop yield possibly by modulating enzymes of sucrose metabolism in chickpea. Journal Agronomy of Crop Science, 191, 81-87.
Krishna, A., Patil, C. R., Raghavendra, S. M. and Jakati, M. D. 2008. Effect of bio-fertilizers on seed germination canola inoculated with a phosphate – solubilizing isolate of Penicillium bilaj. Canadian Ecology, 28, 139-146.
Manonmani, V., M. A. J. Begum and M. Jayanthi. 2014. Halopriming of seeds. J. Seed Sci. 7: 1-13.
Medina, O.A., Kretschmer, A. E. and Sylvia, D. M. 2003. Growth response of field-grown siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum Urb.) and Aeschynomene americana L. to inoculation with selected vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 9(1), 54-60.
Murungu, F.S., Nyamugafata, P., Chiduza, C., Clark, L.J., and Whalley, W.R. 2003. Effects of seed priming aggregate size and soil matric potential on emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and maize (zea mays L.). Soil and Till. Res. 74:161-168.
Ortas, I., 2010. Effect of mycorrhiza application on plant growth and nutrient uptake in sorghum production under field conditions. Spanish J. Agri. Res. 8: 116–122.
Panwar J.D.S. 2004. Effect of VAM and Azospirillum brasilense on photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and grain yield in wheat. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 34, 357-361.
Rashid, A., Hollington, P. A., Harris, D. and Khan, P. 2006. On-farm seed priming for barley on normal, saline-sodic soils in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan. European Journal of Agronomy 24 (3): 276-281.
Ratti, N., Kumar, S., Verma, H.N., and Gautam, S.P. 2001. Improvement in bioavailability of tricalcium phosphate to Cymbopogon martinii var. motia by rhizobacteria, azetobacter and azospirillum inoculation. Microbiology Research 156: 145-149.
Roberts, T.L. 2008. Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency. Turkish journal of agriculture and forestry 32: 177-182.
Sharma, A. K. 2003. Biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture. Agrobios. India.
Siddiqui, Z. A. and Pichtel, J. 2008. Mycorrhizae: an overview. P. 1–35. In: Z.A.Siddiqui et al., (Eds) Mycorrhizae: Sustainable agriculture and forestry. Springer Science Business Media B. V.
Solaiman, A.R.M., Rabbani, M.G., and Moll, M.N. 2005. Effect of inoculation of Rhizobium and Arbuscular Mycorriza, poultry litter, nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield in chickpea. Korean J. Crop Sci. 50: 256 -261.
Sturz, A. V. and Christie, B. R. 2007. Beneficial microbial allelopathies in the root zone: The management of soil quality and plant disease with rhizobacteria. Soil and Tillage Research 72: 107-123.
Sylvia, D. M. and Williams, S. E. 1998. Vesicular- Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Environmental Stress: 101-124. In: Bethlenfalvay, G.J. and Linderman, R.G., (Eds). Mycorrhizae in Sustainable Agriculture. American Society of Agronomy, Medison Wisconsin, 124 P.
Varier, A., Vari, A. K. and Dadlani, M. 2010. The subcellular basis of seed priming. Current Science, 99, 450-456.
Vessey, J. K. 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizer. Plant and Soil 255: 571-586.
Yasari, E. Esmaeili Azadgoleh, A.M., Pirdashti, H. and Mozafari, S. 2008. Azotobacter and Azospirillum inoculants as biofertilizers in canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivation. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 7: 490-494.
_||_