Effect of different VAM Species and Phosphorus levels on yield and Physiological properties of safflower

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi ¹ , maliheh Asadi ²

1 - گروه زراعت، واحد ملکان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملکان، ایران
2 - university

Received: 2017-02-09 Accepted : 2017-02-21 Published : 2019-09-23

Keywords: Yield, Oil, Safflower, phosphorus, VAM,

Abstract :

Fertilizers like phosphorus chemical fertilizer are one of the most important inputs in increasing growth and yield, but results have shown that biofertilizers application can decrease need to chemical fertilizers. This trial had done in order to investigate effect of different chemical P levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) and different VAM strains (control, Glomus mossae, G.intraradise , G.hoei and mixture of these three VAM) in three replication as factorial based on complete block design on growth, yield and physiologic properties of safflower. Based on results of this investigation highest grain and oil yield increase observed in 100 and 150 kg/ha, but there were not significant differences between these two phosphorus chemical fertilizer level in yield. phosphorus chemical fertilizer increased oil yield by increasing grain number and oil percent, but 100 grain weight negativelly impacted by phosphorus chemical fertilizer and VAM. Highest safflower grain and oil yield observed in Glomus intraradise and Glomus hoei. Under VAM effect Increase in grain number increased oil yield, but oil percent didnot effected by by VAM. Application of this two fertilizer improved phosphorus content too. Antioxidants contents and prolin of safflower increased by phosphorus chemical fertilizer and VAM application

References:

حشمتی، س.، م. امینی دهقی و ک. فتحی امیرخیز. 1395. بررسی اثر کود شیمیایی و زیستی فسفر بر فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان و برخی صفات بیوشیمیایی گلرنگ بهاره تحت تنش کمبود آب. نشریه تولید و فرآوری محصولات زراعی و باغی. 8: 203-213.

رازقندی، ا.، ا. الهامی راد، ع. قدسولی، ح. استیری. 1394. بررسی ابعاد هندسی و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی دانه های غلاتی (گندم، جو با و بدون پوشینه) استان خراسان رضوی. نشریه ی نوآوری در علوم و فنّاوری غذایی. 4: 63-78.

Abbadi, J. and J. Gerendás. 2012. Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Studied in Nutrient Solution. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A 2 : 1260-1280.

Arshad, M., M. Adnan, S. Ahmed, A. Karim Khan, I. Ali, M. Ali, A. Ali, A. Khan, M. Anwar Kamal, F. Gul, and M. Ayaz Khan. 2016. Integrated Effect of Phosphorus and Zinc on Wheat Crop. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 16 (3): 455-459.

Asgharzadeh, F., M. H. Fathi Nasri, M. A. Behdani. 2013. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on nutritive value of safflower forage and silage. Journal of Animal and Poultry Sciences, 3(2): 66-75.

Bates, S., R.P. Waldern, E.D. Teare. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soli, 39: 205-207.

Beers, G.R., and I.W. Sizer. 1952. A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. Biol. Chem. 195: 133 – 140.

Beyranvand, H., A. Farnia, S. Nakhjavan, and M. Shaban. 2013. Response of yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) to different bio fertilizers. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 1: 1068-1077.

Boiero, L., D. Perrig, O. Masciarelli, C. Penna, F. Cassán, and V. Luna. 2007. Phytohormone production by three strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and possible physiological and technological implications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol .74:874–880.

Das, D. 2015. A Contribution to the Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal status on twenty selected medicinal plants of Pandam forest in Darjeeling Himalaya, West Bengal, India. Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology. 9: 61-71.

Elbon, A. & J. K. Whalen. 2014. Phosphorus supply to vegetable crops -from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a review, Biological Agriculture & Horticulture: An International Journal for Sustainable Production Systems.:

Emami, H., M. Saeidnia, A. Hatamzadeh, D. Bakhshi, and E. Ghorbani. 2011. The effect of gibberellic acid and benzyladenine in growth and flowering of lily (Lilium longiflorum). Advances in Environmental Biology. 5(7): 1606-1611.

Farahani, A., H. Lebaschi, M. Hussein, S.A. Hussein, V.A. Reza, D. Jahanfar. 2008. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, different levels of phosphorus and drought stress on water use efficiency, relative water content and praline accumulation rate of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). J. Med. Plants Res. 2: 125-131.

Felekari, H., M. Eghbal Ghobadi, M. Ghobadi, S. Jalali Honarmand, M. Saeidi. 2014. The effect of post anthesis source and sink limitation in wheat cultivars under moderate condition. International Journal of Biosciences. 5: 52-59.

Gavimath, C.C., A.R. Gourgonda, K.E. Prakash, V.M. Kadakol, V. R. Hooli. 2014. Studies on diversity and quantification of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Coriandrum sativum L. AEIJST. 2: 1-7.

Gholami, A., S. Amin Alavi, A. Moezi, S. Salimpour. 2013. The effect of mycorrhiza fungi (VAM) on phosphorus absorption by corn (Zea Mays L.) at northern khouzestan, Iran. Scientific Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 1(2): 32-36.

Giannopolitis, C.N., and S.K. Ries. 1997. Superoxid dismutase. I. occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 59: 309-314.

Golzarfar, M., A. Hossein Shirani Rad, B. Delkhosh, and Z. Bitarafan. 2011. Changes of safflower morphologic traits in response to nitrogen rates, phosphorus rates and planting season. International Journal of Science and Advanced Technology. 1: 84-89.

Golzarfar, M., A. Hossein Shirani Rad, B. Delkhosh, Z. Bitarafan. 2012. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) response to different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates in two planting seasons. Žemdirbystė=Agriculture. 99: 159‒166.

Hedayati Mahdi Abadi, B., H. R. Ganjali, and H. R. Mobasser. 2015. Effect of Mycorrhiza and Phosphorus Fertilizer on some Characteristics of Black Cumin. Biological Forum – An International Journal. 7(1): 1115-1120.

Javid, M. G., A.. Sorooshzadeh, F. Moradi, S. A. Mohammad Modarres Sanavy, I. Allahdadi. 2011. The role of phytohormones in alleviating salt stress in crop plants. AJCS 5(6):726-734.

Kubsad, V. S., V. Rudra Naik, L. Hanumantharaya, and M. M. Nekar. 2008. Phosphorus management in mungbean-safflower sequence cropping in vertisols under rainfed conditions. 7 th international safflower conference.

Liu, L., L. Guan, and Y. Yang. 2016. A review of fatty acids and genetic characterization of safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) seed oil. World J Tradit Chin Med, 2(2): 48–52.

Madani, A., A. Shirani-Rad, A. Pazoki, G. Nourmohammadi, R. Zarghami, and A. Mokhtassi-Bidgoli. 2011. The impact of source or sink limitations on yield formation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to post-anthesis water and nitrogen deficiencies. Plant Soil Environ. 56 (5): 218–227.

Mirzakhani, M. 2012. Effects of integrated use of different combinations of fertilizers and biofertilizers on spring safflower. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci. 12 (8): 1035-1041.

Morgan, B. and D. Dolphin. 2010. Synthesis and Structure of Biomimetic Porphyrins.

Pal, J., R.S. Adhikari and J.S. Negi. 2016. Effect of Different Level of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Growth and Green Herb Yield of Origanum vulgare. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci.5(2): 425-429.

Ramezani, S., M. Reza Rezaei, P. Sotoudehnia. 2009. Improved growth, yield and essential oil content of basil grown under different levels of phosphorus sprays in the field. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences. 3(2): 105-110.

Rizvi, R., J. Iqbal, I. Mahmood and R. Ali Ansari. 2014. Comparative efficacy of different arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungal spp. (AMF) on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Journal of Science & Technology.6: 47-53.

Saharkhiz, M., M. Merikhi, M, Zarei and J. Teixeira da Silva. 2011. responce of Ocimum sanctum to inoculation with Arbascular Mycorrhizal fungi and fertilization with different phosphorus sources. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology. 5: 114-118.

Sarker, B. C., P. Rashid and J. Karmoker. 2015. Anatomical changes of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) under phosphorus deficiency stress. Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(1): 73-78.

Smith, S.E., I. Jakobsen, M. Grønlund, F.A. Smith. 2011. Roles of arbuscular mycorrhizas in plant phosphorus nutrition: interactions between pathways of phosphorus uptake in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots have important implications for understanding and manipulating plant phosphorus acquisition. Plant Physiol. 156:1050–1057.

Taleshi, K., A. Shokoh-far, M.. Rafiee, G. Noormahamadi and T. Sakinejhad. 2012. Safflower Yield Respond to Chemical and Biotic Fertilizer on Water Stress Condition. World Applied Sciences Journal. 20 (11): 1472-1477.

Thonar, C., A. Schnepf, E. Frossard, T. Roose, J. Jansa. 2011. Traits related to differences in function among three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Soil. 339:231–245.

Urbanek, H., E. Kuzniak–Gebarowska, K. Herka. 1991. Elicitation of defense responses in bean leaves by Botrytis cinerea polyglacturonase. Acta Phys. Plant. 13: 43–50.

Yadav, A. and A. Aggarwal. 2015. The associative effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae with Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens in promoting growth, nutrient uptake and yield of Arachis hypogaea L. New York Science Journal. 8(1): 101-108.