Ecological aspects and phytochemical properties of some medicinal plants of Labiateae in Khorasan Province

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

P. Rezvani Moghdam ¹ (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
H. R. Fallahi ² (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران)
A. Balandari ³ (پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی استان خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران)

Received: 2015-03-05 Accepted : 2015-04-27 Published : 2016-06-01

Keywords: Flavonoid, Essential oil, Saponin, alkaloid, thannin,

Abstract :

In orde to study the ecological and phytochemical indices of some plant species of Labiateae in Khorasan provinces (Southern Khorasan, Northern Khorasan and Razavi Khorasan), 122 plant samples from 31 species belong to 15 genus were collected from 2000 - 2003. Ecological information including elevation, percentage of slope, slope direction, soil type, coverage percentage, canopy diameter, plant hight, dominat species and companion species for each plant sampel were recorded. Studied phytochemical indices were included of essence percentage, presence or absence of substances such as alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, thannin, cyanogenic glycosides that were determined in 54 plant sampels. Results revealed that distribution of plant species in elevations of below 1000, 1000 - 2000 and above 2000 m, were 18.9%, 64.9% and 16.2%, respectively. The habitat soil type of more studied species was rocky (57%) and more of them were recorded in slope between 30-50% (54%) and in northe slopes. Percentage of essence in studied samples was 0.01-2.5%. Phytochemical experiments showed that the percentage of species containing alkaloied, flavonoid, saponin, thannin and sianogenic glycosides were 13.7%, 90.2%, 33.3%, 78.4% and 1.9%, respectively. Overall, results showed that the distribution of the labiateae family is influenced by ecological factors. Thus, by providing favorable conditions for the growth of these species can be prevented from their genetic erosion.