Estimation of the leaf stomatal conductance in pumpkin under different nitrogen levels using leaf temperature
Subject Areas : Journal of Plant EcophysiologyMohammadreza Naderi 1 , Mohammad Bannayan 2 , Morteza Goldani 3 , Amin Alizadeh 4
1 - دانشجوی دکترای اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران .
2 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
4 - استاد گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.
Keywords: energy balance, Photosynthesis, Reference surface, Transpiration,
Abstract :
Since stomatal conductance (gs) couples the crop photosynthesis and transpiration, estimation of gs is important for adopting management practices which can increase crop growth through efficient use of water. In the current study, a simple model based on temperature difference between crop leaf and a reference surface was used for estimation of the leaf stomatal conductance. The model calibrated and validated using two years field experiment data with pumpkin carried out during 2013 and 2014 at Research Farm of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Results showed that model had a very good performance and very accurately simulated pumpkin leaf stomatal conductance under conditions without nitrogen deficiency. Under nitrogen deficient conditions, by using the nitrogen nutrition index (NNI), the good or very good performance and accuracy were obtained from the model. The relative difference (RD) between simulated and observed values of average of stomatal conductance during the growing season was ranged from 1.1% to 2.5 for non-nitrogen deficient treatments and from 2.8% to 5% for nitrogen deficient treatments. The accuracy and simplicity of the model and its low input requirements make it suitable for use in stomatal conductance based crop growth models.
عامری، ع.ا. و م. نصیری محلاتی. 1388. اثرات سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و تراکم بر میزان تولید گل، مواد موثره و کارآیی مصرف نور در گیاه دارویی همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L.). پژوهش و سازندگی، 81: 144-133.
مجیدی، م.، ا. علیزاده و م. کافی. 1390. برآورد میزان تعرق گیاه با استفاده از اندازه‌گیری دمای برگ. نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران، 1(5): 157-145.
Bannayan, M. and S. Sanjani. 2011. Weather conditions associated with irrigated crops in an arid and semi arid Environment. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 151: 1589-1598.
Borlaug, N. E. 2009. Foreword. Food Security, 1: 1-11.
Christos, A. D. 2011. Nitrogen nutrition index and its relationship to N use efficiency in linseed. European Journal of Agronomy, 34: 124-132.
Davies-barnard, T. 2014. Geoengineering of the Climate System. In: Issues in Environmental Science and Technology, Hester, R.E. and Harrison, R.M. (Eds). The Royal Society of Chemistry, 38: 105-130.
Defraeye, T., P. Verboven, D. Derome, J. Carmeliet and B. Nicolai. 2013. Stomatal transpiration and droplet evaporation on leaf surfaces by a microscale modelling approach. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 65: 180-191.
Fageria, N. K. 2009. The use of nutrients in crop plants. Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, p. 430.
Gallardo, M., C. Giménez, C. Martinez-Gaitán, C. O. Stöckle, R. B. Thompson and M.R. Granados. 2011. Evaluation of the VegSyst model with muskmelon to simulate crop growth, nitrogen uptake and evapotranspiration. Agricultural Water Management, 101: 107-117.
Gao, Q., P. Zhao, X. Zeng, X. Cai and W. Shen. 2002. A model of stomatal conductance to quantify the relationship between leaf transpiration, microclimate and soil water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25: 1373-1381.
Gerosa, G., S. Mereu, A. Finco and R. Marzuoli. 2012. Stomatal conductance modeling to estimate the evapotranspiration of natural and agricultural ecosystems. In: Irmak A. (Ed.), Evapotranspiration-remote sensing and modeling. InTech press, China.
Gorski, K. M. 2013. Albedo project. https://sites.google.com/site/albedoproject/home, last access: 4 February 2013.
Hollinger, D. Y., S. V. Ollinger, A. D. Richardson, T. P. Meyers, D. B. Dail, M. E. Martin, N. A. Scott, T. J. Arkebauer, D. D. Baldocchi, K. L. Clark, P. S. Curtis, K. J. Davis, A. R. Desai, D. Dragoni, M. L. Goulden, L. Gu, G. G. Katul, S. G. Pallardy, U. Paw, K. T. Schmid, H. P. Stoy, P. C. Suyker and S. B. Verma. 2010. Albedo estimates for land surface models and support for a new paradigm based on foliage nitrogen concentration. Global Change Biology, 16: 696-710.
Jacob, J., M. Udayakumar and T. G. Prasad. 1995. Mesophyll conductance was inhibited more than stomatal conductance in nitrogen deficient plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 17: 55-61.
Justes, E., B. Mary, J. M. Meynard, J. M. Machet and L. Thelier-Huches. 1994. Determination of a critical nitrogen dilution curve for winter wheat crops. Annals of Botany, 74: 397-407.
Katul, G., S. Manzoni, S. Palmroth and R. Oren. 2010. A stomatal optimization theory to describe the effects of atmospheric CO2 on leaf photosynthesis and transpiration. Annals of Botany, 105: 431-442.
Lal, M., K. K. Singh, G. Srinivasan, L.S. Rathore, D. Naidua and C.N. Tripathi. 1999. Growth and yield responses of soybean in Madhya Pradesh, India to climate variability and change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 93: 53-70.
López, A., F. D. Molina-Aiz, D. L. Valera and A. Pena. 2012. Determining the emissivity of the leaves of nine horticultural crops by means of infrared thermography. Scientia Horticulturae, 137: 49-58.
Naithani, K. J., B. E. Ewers, E. Pendall. 2012. Sap flux-scaled transpiration and stomatal conductance response to soil and atmospheric drought in a semi-arid sagebrush ecosystem. Journal of Hydrology, 464-465: 176-185.
Pohlert, T. 2004. Use of empirical global radiation models for maize growth simulation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 126: 47-58.
Polhamus, A., J. B. Fisher and K.P. Tu. 2013. What controls the error structure in evapotranspiration models? Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 169: 12-24.
Qiu, G. Y., T. Yano and K. Momiic,. 1998. An improved methodology to measure evaporation from bare soil based on comparison of surface temperature with a dry soil surface. Journal of Hydrology, 210: 93-105.
Richardson, A. D., T. F. Keenan, M. Migliavacca, Y. Ryu, O. Sonnentag and M. Toomey. 2013. Climate change, phenology, and phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 169: 156-173.
Stöckle, C. O., J. Kjelgaard and G. Bellocchi. 2004. Evaluation of estimated weather data for calculating Penman-Monteith reference crop evapotranspiration. Irrigation Sciences, 23: 39-46.
Uddling, J., M. Hall, G. Wallin and P. E. Karlsson. 2005. Measuring and modelling stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in mature birch in Sweden. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 132: 115-131.
Willmott, C. J. 1982. Some comments on the evaluation of model performance. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 63: 1309-1313.
Yu, Q., Y. Zhang, Y. Liu and P. Shi. 2004. Simulation of the stomatal conductance of winter wheat in response to light, temperature and CO2 changes. Annals of Botany, 93: 435-441.
Zhang, L., L. Gao, L. Zhang, S. Wang, X. Sui and Z. Zhang. 2012. Alternate furrow irrigation and nitrogen level effects on migration of water and nitrate-nitrogen in soil and root growth of cucumber in solar-greenhouse. Scientia Horticulturae, 138: 43-49.
Zhou, J., C. Wang, H. Zhang, F. Dong, X. Zheng, W. Gale and S. Li. 2011. Effect of water saving management practices and nitrogen fertilizer rate on crop yield and water use efficiency in a winter wheat-summer maize cropping system. Field Crops Research, 122: 157-163.
Zhu, X. G., S. P. Long and D.R. Ort. 2008. What is the maximum efficiency with which photosynthesis can convert solar energy into biomass? Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 19: 153-159.
Ziadi, N., G. Belanger, A. Claessensa, L. Lefebvrea, A. N. Cambourisa, N. Tremblayb, M. C. Nolina and L. E. Parentc. 2010. Determination of a critical nitrogen dilution curve for spring wheat. Agronomy Journal, 102: 241-250.
_||_