Examining and comparing the ways of representing the social position of "female characters" in the short story 20

Subject Areas : Comparative Literature Studies

نجمه najmeh ¹ , alireza shabanlu ² , Abdolhossein Farzad ³

1 - Ph.D. student of Persian language and literature, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. (corresponding author),
3 - Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2023-05-11 Accepted : 2023-07-09 Published : 2023-11-22

Keywords: Short story, women's social status, Mahmoud Etemadzadeh, Bozor Alavi and Ebrahim Golestan,

Abstract :

Fictional literature in Iran has focused its attention on representing the realities of Iranian society from the very beginning of its formation. With a quick look at the works of fiction from the twenties to the fifties, the audience can clearly see the influence of realism in the heart and text of the stories. The main reason for this approach in fiction literature is the political and social structure and conditions that govern Iran. The present study tries to answer the main question in a descriptive-analytical way, that according to the realist view that prevailed in the short story in the twenties, what image did the male writers draw of "woman" and her "social position" at this historical moment? are The statistical population of this research is the short stories written by Ebrahim Golestan, Bozor Alavi and Mahmoud Etemadzadeh in this decade. The findings of the research show that "female" characters in these stories are often mentioned as secondary characters and their processing method is in a way that is related to other characters. It seems that none of the "female" characters are directly introduced in these stories and their "actions", "thoughts" and "speech" are the main tools of the authors. They are to introduce these characters to the reader. These women have different names; but they have common characteristics that they are condemned to suffer and finally surrender due to economic, cultural and political anomalies. In general, although these "women" have been represented differently in some cases; the overall picture presented of them under the influence of the realistic view of short story writers in the twenties has many points in common with each other.