works Darab-nama Tarsusi and Homer's Odyssey "with an emphasis on the act of warfare and chivalry in the views of comparative mythology of Georges Dumzil"

Subject Areas : Comparative Literature Studies

elnaz mohammadzadeh ¹ , mohammad mahdi esmaailiy ² , shervin khamseh ³

1 - Phd Student of Persian Language and Literature at Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature at Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature at Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2023-06-22 Accepted : 2023-06-22 Published : 2023-08-23

Keywords: comparative mythology, Georges Dumezil, martial action, triple sins, mythological heroes,

Abstract :

Myth alongside the epic, legends and popular culture, is one of the elements that form the culture and ethnic and national identity of societies and a charter of social beliefs that is produced in the cultural context. The subject of myth is not separate from the study of religious rituals and it can be considered as a tool that explains existing beliefs and institutions by referring to religion. "Sin" as an action or behavior is an important concept; to the extent that cultural events related to it cannot be understood without understanding the concept and its motivating effects. "Darab" and "Ulysses" as mythological heroes, are cultural figures, and the subject of their "sin" is also placed as an action in the category of culture. In addition to exploring the hidden and implied meaning of the text, the theory of comparative mythology of Georges Dumezil also pays attention to the social/cultural context. The findings of this research, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical method, showed that the trajectory of a myth and her sin in the two civilizations of Iran and Greece is clearly defined. Themes such as "deception by demons", "doubt in the creator", "pride and claim of divinity", "achieving power and fear of losing power", "disobeying the command of gods and goddesses", " Killing ritual beings and heroes", "disrespecting to fire and sowing the seeds of hatred in the human institution", is the basis of the most sins among Iran and the world. The research findings indicate that there is a fixed structure in Indo-European mythology; which remained in these cultures over the centuries and despite the geographical expansion and reforms of different religions, their traces can still be found after many years.