Critical matching of the story "The sea is still calm" from Ahmad Mahmoud with the components of the school of naturalism

Subject Areas : Comparative Literature Studies

reza  JALILI ¹ (Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Neishabour Branch, Neyshabur, Iran.)

Received: 2019-08-10 Accepted : 2019-08-10 Published : 2018-11-22

Keywords: society, Naturalism, Ahmad Mahmoud, the sea is still calm,

Abstract :

  Literary schools are considered important criteria for understanding the literary qualities of different periods because they represent the social, political and cultural components of each period. One of these schools is naturalism, which was originally introduced to Persian fiction literature through the translation of the works of American and European writers during the Constitutional Revolution. Ahmad Mahmoud, as one of the prominent representatives of naturalism, has involved the rules and components of this school with the intention of recounting social critique and explaining the attitudes of the people in his stories. The descriptive-analytical study of the most important naturalistic features of "the sea is still calm" shows that with regard to elements such as "physiological aspects", "breaking the false vocabulary", "negation of freedom and belief in historical and social algebra", "conversational style", "Detailed descriptions and detailed descriptions", "limitation of physical capacity", "creation of animal characters" and "tragic end of the story", the story referred to a literary reaction to the main weaknesses and deprivations of the Iranian society in the thirties and forties Solar is considered. In some cases, according to the cultural and religious context of the target group, Mahmood left some of the components of naturalism that "the lack of attention to the genetic impact on people's lives", "the lower frequency of taboo vocabulary" and "addressing issues beyond nature at a limited level" of That sentence is.