Root Dynamics in Bougainvillea glabra Choisy Cuttings: Analyzing the Influence of Auxin Type, Concentration, and Cutting Type Over Time in Two Varieties
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental PlantsMohamadreza Salehi Salmi 1 * , Mozhgan Zangeneh 2
1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resource University of Khuzestan, Iran
2 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resource University of Khuzestan, Iran
Keywords: Acetic acid, Greenhouse production, Propagation, Seasonal variation, Soft cutting,
Abstract :
This study investigated the effects of three types of auxins—indolebutyric acid (IBA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)—on the rooting of soft, semiwoody, and woody stem cuttings of bougainvillea (Bougainvillea glabra Choisy) during early winter and spring under greenhouse conditions. PGRs were prepared at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 mg L-1. The stem cuttings were immersed in these solutions for 24 hours before being transferred to the growth media. The experiment was designed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 10 replications. The results indicated that timing (winter vs. spring) had no significant effect on the rooting percentage (p-value= 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in branching, with the shortest average branch length (2.0 cm) occurring in early winter and the longest (4.7 cm) occurring in early spring. Significant differences were also found between varieties, with the red variety outperforming the white variety (20.44% vs. 10.83%). The woody cuttings produced significantly better results than the soft and semiwoody cuttings did. Among the PGRs, those treated with 250 mg L-1 IBA (33.2%) or NAA (32.5%) presented the highest rooting percentages. Increasing concentrations of these auxins resulted in decreased rooting, with the lowest rooting percentage (0%) observed at 1000 mg L-1 2,4-D. This study demonstrated that the type and concentration of auxins significantly affect the rooting and branching of bougainvillea stem cuttings, with optimal results achieved with 250 mg L-1 IBA and NAA. These findings suggest that careful selection of the auxin type and concentration, as well as consideration of the cutting type and timing, are crucial for the successful propagation of bougainvillea.
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