بررسی رشد گیاه دارویی زینتی به لیمو در بسترهای حاوی سوپرجاذب‌های طبیعی و مصنوعی
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants
مریم مرعشی
1
(استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
صبا قاصدی
2
(دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه خاکشناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
شیرین سیدنصیر
3
(دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه خاکشناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
Keywords: کمپوست زباله شهری, رطوبت معادل ظرفیت زراعی, منحنی رطوبتی, نقطه پژمردگی دائم,
Abstract :
در این تحقیق اثرات ضایعات آلی و یک سوپرجاذب رطوبت بر مقدار آب قابل استفاده و تأخیر در رطوبت معادل نقطه پژمردگی دائم در خاک بررسی شد. در فاز اول تحقیق (مرحله انکوباسیون خاک)، 12 تیمار در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی در آزمایشگاه علوم خاک دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمارها شامل مقادیر 5 و 10 درصد حجمی از کمپوست زبالههای شهری و کود گاوی به همراه مقادیر 5 ، 15 و 30 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک از زئولیت و مقادیر 2، 4 و 8 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک از سوپرجاذب رطوبت (A200) بودند. در فاز دوم (فاز گلخانه‌ای)، بر اساس بیشترین مدت زمان رسیدن به نقطه پژمردگی دائم، سه تیمار که بالاترین میزان تأخیر در نقطه پژمردگی را نشان دادند، به عنوان بستر کاشت انتخاب شدند و بههمراه تیمار شاهد، در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی، اثر بستر کاشت ( چهار بستر) و دور آبیاری در سه سطح ( 48، 72 و 120 ساعت)، روی ویژگیهای رشد به‌لیمو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار رطوبت معادل FC مربوط به تیمار دارای 8 گرم سوپرجاذب به‌ازای هر کیلوگرم خاک است. بیشترین تأخیر در نقطه پژمردگی دائم در مقدار 8 گرم سوپرجاذب به‌ازای هر یک کیلوگرم خاک، با ایجاد تأخیر به میزان 682 ساعت ایجاد شد. بالاترین وزن تر کل گیاه در تیمار 10 گرم زئولیت در یک کیلوگرم خاک و دور آبیاری 48 ساعت با میانگین 47/9 گرم مشاهده شد. در تیمار سوپرجاذب در هرسه دور آبیاری مقدار وزن خشک برگ بیشتر از شاهد بود. در کل نتایج نشان دادند که افزودن سوپرجاذب به خاک با به تاخیر انداختن زمان پژمردگی گیاه، می تواند با افزایش دور آبیاری باعث صرفهجویی در میزان مصرف آب شود.
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