Potential measurement of waste and cellulosic waste recycling in Tehran

Subject Areas : Environmental pollution

Kazem Roghani ¹ (Department of Environment, Damavand branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran)
Shahrzad Khoramnejhadian ² (Department of environment, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran)
Samira Ghiasi ³ (Department of environment, central Tehran branch, Islamic azad university, Tehran, Iran)
ali dehghan banadaki ⁴ (Department of Civil Engineering, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran)

Received: 2023-11-22 Accepted : 2024-02-11 Published : 2024-03-19

Keywords: Wooden waste, physical analysis, Tehran city, green space.,

Abstract :

Introduction: Various sections of the urban ecosystem in Tehran produce waste containing lignin. This type of waste is either incinerated or transferred to landfill sites. This research examines the amount of wooden waste generated in different sectors of Tehran. Green spaces, tree pruning, fruit crates in fruit markets, and used wooden furniture are the primary sources of waste production based on wood. The objective of this study is to estimate the amount of wooden waste in Tehran and determine its resource allocation. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the amount of wooden waste entering 22 districts and the hay markets in the year 1400 has been investigated. The relevant information was obtained through field visits, 100 questionnaires in each region, and sampling of abandoned waste and waste processing stations. Questionnaires were distributed in the 22 districts of Tehran city. The results from the questionnaires and the physical analysis of wooden waste were utilized as primary data for analyzing the status of wooden waste in Tehran. Results and Discussion: The results show that 79% of the volume of wooden waste in Tehran is attributed to tree pruning and branches. The production of wooden waste is seasonal, with the highest amount produced in late winter, particularly in February. The majority of wooden waste production is related to branches, tree pruning, and bulky waste in the month of Esfand (February/March). Districts 4 and 5 have the highest amount of household pruning waste, while District 9 has the lowest. About 29% of the wooden waste consists of bulky items such as furniture and cabinets, and only 1% is allocated to green space waste. Conclusion: The conducted investigations have revealed that wooden wastes constitute a significant portion of Tehran's municipal waste. Result shown that the highest amount of wooden waste is generated by furniture manufacturers. Pruning waste is seasonal, with consistently moderate levels in all seasons. It is recommended that solutions for organizing and recovering these wastes be proposed to better manage the substantial volume of wooden waste in Tehran.

References:

منابع کریمیان, اعظم, نداف فرد, لیدا, نوروزی, مهدی, باقری پور منفرد, ایرج, & محسنی, سید شمس اله. (1401). مقایسه خصوصیات فیزیکی ، شیمیایی و میکروبی کود کمپوست زباله ی شهری با بیوکمپوست حاصل از ضایعات فضای سبز و میادین تره بار کلانشهر تهران. مطالعات علوم محیط زیست, 7(2), 4844-4855
ضرابی, اصغر, محمدی, جمال, & آهنگری, شورش. (1391). تحلیل مدیریت مواد زائد جامد شهری، با تأکید بر بازیافت زباله (مطالعه موردی؛ شهر بوکان). جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی, 23(4), 91-108.
حجی زاده، متین و حسین شاهی بندری، مرجان و همافر، زهرا،1392،ساماندهی و مدیریت پسماند تولیدی در پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهری،اولین همایش ملی و تخصصی پژوهش های محیط زیست ایران،همدان،https://civilica.com/doc/238464
شریف زاده, فتاح. (1389). تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر بهبود بهره وری مدیریتمواد زاید جامد شهری. مطالعات مدیریت بهبود و تحول, 20(60), 89-114.
Meisel Frank, Thiele Nicole (2014) Where to dispose of urban green waste? Transportation planning for the maintenance of public green spaces, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice,64, 147-162.
Bratkovich, S., Bowyer, J., Fernholz, K., & Lindburg, A. (2008). Urban tree utilization and why it matters. Dovetail Partners, Inc. Available online at http://www. dovetailinc. org/files/DovetailUrban0108ig. pdf.
Niinemets, Ü., & Peñuelas, J. (2008). Gardening and urban landscaping: significant players in global change. Trends in plant science, 13(2), 60-65
. Anguluri, R., & Narayanan, P. S. (2017). Role of Green Space in Urban Planning: Outlook towards Smart Cities. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 25, 58-65
. Hedblom M, Andersson E (2017) Flexible land-use and undefined governance: from threats to potentials in peri-urban landscape planning. Land Use Policy Volume 63:523–527
. Verdú-Vázquez, A., Fernández-Pablos, E., Lozano-Diez, R.V. et al. Green space networks as natural infrastructures in PERI-URBAN areas. Urban Ecosyst 24, 187–204 (2021). Frig, M., & Sorsa, V. P. (2020). Nation branding as sustainability governance: A comparative case analysis. Business & Society, 59(6), 1151-1180
. Puettmann, M. E., & Lippke, B. (2013). Using life-cycle assessments to demonstrate the impact of using wood waste as a renewable fuel in urban settings for district heating. Forest Products Journal, 63(1-2), 24-27
. McKeever, D. B. (2004). Inventories of woody residues and solid wood waste in the United States, 2002. In The Ninth International Conference on Inorganic-Bonded Composite Materials Conference, October 10-13, 2004... Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada [CD-ROM].[Moscow, ID]: University of Idaho, C2004: 12 Pages
. Hartini, S., Rumita, R., & Al Huda, M. H. (2022, October). Upcycle strategy on tree branches to improve eco-efficiency towards a circular economy using life cycle assessment. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1098, No. 1, p. 012024). IOP Publishing
. Hartini, S., Wicaksono, P. A., Rizal, A. M. D., & Hamdi, M. (2021, February). Integration lean manufacturing and 6R to reduce wood waste in furniture company toward circular economy. In IOP conference series: materials science and engineering (Vol. 1072, No. 1, p. 012067). IOP Publishing. Lan, K., Zhang, B., & Yao, Y. (2022). Circular utilization of urban tree waste contributes to the mitigation of climate change and eutrophication. One Earth, 5(8), 944-957
. Nowak, D. J., & Dwyer, J. F. (2007). Understanding the benefits and costs of urban forest ecosystems. In Urban and community forestry in the northeast (pp. 25-46).
Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. Nowak, D. J., & Dwyer, J. F. (2007). Understanding the benefits and costs of urban forest ecosystems. In Urban and community forestry in the northeast (pp. 25-46).
Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. Zavodska. A, (2000), a comparative studty on residential solid waste management in selected developing and developed countries: guyana and the united states, the university of arizona
. Perlack, R. D. (2005). Biomass as feedstock for a bioenergy and bioproducts industry: the technical feasibility of a billion-ton annual supply. Oak Ridge National Laboratory
. Timilsina, N., Staudhammer, C. L., Escobedo, F. J., & Lawrence, A. (2014). Tree biomass, wood waste yield, and carbon storage changes in an urban forest. Landscape and Urban Planning, 127, 18-27
. Lyon, S., & Bond, B. (2014). What is “urban wood waste”?. Forest products journal, 64(5-6), 166-170
. Howe , J ., S . Bratkovich , J . Bowyer , M . Frank , and K . Fernholz . May 20, 2013. The current state of wood reuse and recycling in North America and recommendations for improvements. Dovetail Partners, Inc ., Minneapolis, Minnesota .8june,2014
. Heinen, K., Lawler, M., McHale, M. R., & Peterson, M. N. (2012). Urban wood waste: A guide to managing your community’s resource. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service
. Khudyakova, G. I., Danilova, D. A., & Khasanov, R. R. (2017, June). The use of urban wood waste as an energy resource. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 72, No. 1, p. 012026). IOP Publishing
Konstantinidis, F. K., Sifnaios, S., Arvanitakis, G., Tsimiklis, G., Mouroutsos, S. G., Amditis, A., & Gasteratos, A. (2023). Multi-modal sorting in plastic and wood waste streams. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 199, 107244
. Christensen, J. (2023). Possibility to reuse and recycle wood waste and CDWW
. Rafey, A., & Siddiqui, F. Z. (2023). A review of plastic waste management in India–challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 103(16), 3971-3987
.