Locating Areas Prone to Fire Using AHP and GIS (Case study: Rangeland of Bonrood region in Fars province)
Subject Areas : Natural resources and environmental hazards
1 - Department of Natural Resources,Islamic Azad University,Arsanjan Branch
Keywords: Fire, AHP, GIS, Bonrood, Fars,
Abstract :
Introduction: Fire is an important factor in natural ecosystems degradation and is considered as natural disasters that have direct and indirect harmful effects on natural ecosystems and human societies. Considering the frequency of fires in recent years and its effect on soil, fauna and flora ecosystems, zoning fire-sensitive areas can reduce the recurrence of this phenamenon
Materials and Methods: Considering many factors in fire creation and distribution,it is necessary to use RS/GIS along with the use of َAHP to identify and weight the most important factors. The present research was carried out in the pastures of Bonroud region of Fars province using three criteria as elevation,vegetation cover and distance from residential areas.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that the criterion of land use with 0.38, distance from agricultural land with 0.23 and distance from the road with 0.15 is the third priority. The results of preparing the final map of fire prone areas showed that 34% of the areas have a very low fire potential and 25% of the areas have a high fire potential, which are mainly located in the north of the studied area.
Conclusion: As results showed the effective criteria in the occurrence and fire distribution in rangelands is land use. Certainly, changing natural ecosystems to unnatural uses, such as the agriculture, industries, and urbanization development, as well as native and non-native tourists presence, will increase the fire risk in the region. The non-scientific method of farmers in firing crop residuces, especially in hot days of the year with wind blowing, can be a great danger to the natural ecosystems of the region, which is the second most effective criterion in the occurrence of fire. Therefore, by culturalizing and expanding promotion programs in the agricultural sector promoting the culture of correct use of natural ecosystems and resorts in different ways, more and continuous monitoring, especially in the two seasons of spring and summer when the vegetation is dry, the presence of tourists in natural areas, the amount of humidity, the increase of wind speed due to the formation High and low pressure areas in the up and down land regions should be prevented from fire by public and private institutions and organizations, which requires an approved budget for firefighting through the native people training , suitable firefighting equipment purchasing, monitoring the forests by drones and providing water spraying helicopters during the dry season in these ecosystems should be taken so that the fauna and flora of the country, which is in the hands of the present generation, will be transferred to the next generation.
1.Eftekhari A.R., Gudarzi M., Ashuri P. Khalifazadeh R.Vegetation changes in Sirachal mountain pastures due to fire. Iran
Pasture and Desert Research. 2018;26(2):352-366. Doi:10.22092/ijrdr.2019.119357 2.Bashkhani, A. Rezaeimoghadam, H. 2019. Fire risk zoning based on environmental criteria using the analysis hierarchy method (AHP) in summer pastures of Sir Ali Abad, Gorgan. 5th International conference on environmental engineering and
natural resources, Tehran.(In Persion) 3.Dang T.N., Kumar L., Reid, M. Mutanga, O. Fire danger assessment using geospatial modelling in Mekong delta, Vietnam: Effects on wetland resources. Remote Sensing Applications: Society & Environment. 2021; 21)100456(.
Doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2020.100456. 4. Delir Z., Faraj Zadeh Z., Sebet M. Socio-economic and environmental factors affecting the occurrence of fire in Iran's forests and strategies to deal with it. Agri Eco Develop.1400;29(113):25-55.
Doi:10.30490/AEAD.2021.292942.1071 5.Fathi,H. Fire risk zoning in the forests of western Mazandaran using RS and GIS, M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University.
6.Gholamrezai A., Khosravi M., Pourreza M. The relationship between fire extents and physiographic features in central Zagros vegetation area, Kermanshah province. Ecol of Iran's Fore. 1401;10(20):183-192.
Doi:10.52547/ifej.10.20.183 7. Javanmiri Pour M., Valipour J., Hasanzadeh A. Studying the main factors and effective motives causing forest and pasture fires in semi-arid ecosystems of the Zagros Mountains, Jour of Arid
Biom,2022;11(2):15-27 Doi:10.29252/ARIDBIOM.2022.18321.1888 7. Joshi P. , Adhikari G., Bhattarai D. , Adhikari A. , Lamichanne S. Forest fire vulnerability in Nepal's Chure region: Investigating the influencing factors using generalized linear model. Heliyon. 2024; 10(7)
Doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28525 8.Polat S., Ghasemi Aghbash F., Mahdavi A. Fire risk zoning in the forests of Ilam district. Fore. Rese. & deve. 2019;6(1):135-152.
Doi:10.30466/JFRD.2020.120830 9. Talukdar, N.R. Ahmad, F., Goparaju, L., Choudhury, P., Qayum, A., Rizvi J. Forest fire in Thailand: Spatio-temporal
distribution and future risk assessment.Natu. Haza. Rese. 2024; 4(1): 87-96 Doi:10.1016/j.nhres.2023.09.002 10. Thach N. N., Toan D.B., Xuan-Canh Ph., Hong-Thi N., Hang Thi, B. Nhat-Duc, H. Bui Dieu,T. Spatial pattern assessment of tropical forest fire danger at Thuan Chau area (Vietnam) using GIS-based advanced machine learning algorithms: A comparative study. Ecol Infor.2018; 46: 74-85
Doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.05.009 11.Qadir A., Talukdar N.R., Uddin M., Ahmad F., Goparaju L. Predicting forest fire using multispectral satellite measurements in Nepal, Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment.2021; 23(100539)
Doi:10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100539. 12. Rezaei R., Ahmadi A., Abdi N., Toranjzar H. Fire effects on composition, density and species diversity vegetation and soil seed bank (Case study: Kangavar rangelands).Jour of Rang.2023;16(4):729-744.
DOR: 20.1001.1.20080891.1401.16.4.6.4 13. Fatih S. Forest fire susceptibility mapping via multi-criteria decision analysis techniques for Mugla, Turkey: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS. Fore Ecolo & Manag.2021; 480(118644)
Doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118644 14. Siahmansour R., Kamali, N. Changes in vegetation parameters due to fire (Case study: woody rangelands of Veysian site in Lorestan province).Jour of Rang.2022;16(4):830-845.
DOR: 20.1001.1.20080891.1401.16.4.12.0