Investigating the effect of replacing CaO with CaF2 on bioactivity and compressive strength of 45S5 glass ceramic synthesized from soda-lime glass waste by solid state method

Subject Areas : journal of New Materials

Babak Hashemi ¹ , Afsar Norozian ²

1 - Prof. of Materials Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - MSc of Materials Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Received: 2023-10-24 Accepted : 2023-12-02 Published : 2023-04-21

Keywords: Bioactivity, Glass Ceramic 45S5, Compression Strength, Soda- lime Glass,

Abstract :

Abstract Introduction: In this research, at first, glass ceramic with the same composition as 45S5 glass ceramic was synthesized by solid state method from soda lime glass waste. Then, by substituting calcium fluoride instead of calcium oxide with different weight percentages, the bioactivity behavior of these glasses and also their mechanical strength were investigated Methods: Phase analysis of the samples after calcination was done by X-ray diffraction. The bioactivity of the samples was investigated by immersing them in the simulated body solution for different periods of time and then scanning the surface of the samples with a scanning electron microscope to observe and compare the sediments formed. The sediments formed on the surface of the samples were also identified by X-ray diffraction analysis at small angles. After that, the density and compressive strength of the samples after sintering were determined by Archimedes method and pressure test, respectively. Findings: X-ray diffraction diagrams of glass samples subjected to calcination at different temperatures showed the crystalline phases of Na₂Ca₂Si₃O₉ and CaNaPO₄, which indicates the transformation of the calcined samples into glass-ceramics. X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples with different percentages of calcium fluoride that were calcined at a temperature of 800°C showed the Ca₅F(PO₄)₃ phase in addition to the previous crystalline phases. In fact, with the addition of calcium fluoride to the samples, the fluorapatite phase has been formed. Phase analysis of sediments formed on the surface of the samples after placing them in simulated body fluid determined the phases of fluorapatite Ca₅F(PO₄)₃, hydroxyapatite Ca₅(PO₄)₃ (OH) and calcium ultra-phosphate Ca₂P₆O₁₇ which have the characteristic of biocompatibility with the body. The results showed that the synthesis of glass ceramics by the solid-state method from waste glass was successful and by substituting calcium fluoride instead of calcium oxide, the bioactive properties and compressive strength of the samples increased.

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