Investigation of Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ni Ferrite Powders Synthesized by Plasma Arc Discharge
Subject Areas : journal of New Materialsابوالفضل Safari 1 , KH Gheisari 2 , منصور Farbod 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته شناسایی و انتخاب مواد، گروه مهندسی مواد دانشکده مهندسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز،
2 - استادیار مهندسی مواد، گروه مهندسی مواد دانشکده مهندسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 - دانشیار فیزیک، گروه فیزیک دانشکده علوم دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
Keywords: Saturation Magnetization, Spinel structure, Ni ferrite, Plasma arc discharge process,
Abstract :
In the present work, NiFe2O4 powder was synthesized by plasma arc discharge method. A mixture of iron and nickel powders with the appropriate molar ratio was prepared and formed into the cylindrical shapes. The synthesis process was performed under the air atmosphere with the pressure of 1 atm and the applied arc current of 400 A. After establishing an arc between the electrodes, the as-synthesized powders were collected and their structure, microstructure and magnetic properties were examined by XRD, FESEM and VSM, respectively. The XRD results show that the nickel ferrite with a spinel structure is successfully formed. The microstructural examinations reveal that the average particle size is about 120 nm. Saturation magnetization and coercivity of the as-synthesize powders are found to be 43.82 emu/g and 99 Oe, respectively.
1- S. Son, M. Taheri, E. Carpenter, V. G. Harris, and M. E. McHenry, ''Synthesis of ferrite and nickel ferrite nanoparticles using radio-frequency thermal plasma torch''. Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 91, pp. 7589-7591, 2002.
2- K. Nejati, and R. Zabihi, ''Preparation and magnetic properties of nanosize nickel ferrite particles using hydrothermal method'', Chemistry Central Journal, vol. 6, pp. 1-6, 2012.
3- Z. Zhang, G. Yao, X. Zhang, J. Ma, and H. Lin, "Synthesis and characterization of nickel ferrite nanoparticles via planetary ball milling assisted solid-state reaction", Ceramics International, vol. 41, pp.. 4523-4530, 2015.
4- D. Cullity, and C. D. Graham, "Introduction to Magnetic Materials", Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey,2009.
5- ن. برهان، خ. قیصری، و ح. محسنی،توزیع کاتیونی، شاخصه‌های ساختاری و گشتاور مغناطیسی در ساختار کریستالی اسپینل فریت لیتیم-روی تولید شده به روش احتراقی گلیسین- نیترات، مجله مواد نوین، جلد 4، شماره 3، ص 91-102، بهار 1393.
6- M. S. Al-Hoshan1, J. P. Singh, A. M. Al-Mayouf, A. A. Al-Suhybani, and M. N. Shaddad, '' Synthesis, Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Nickel Ferrite Spinels Obtained by Hydrothermal Method for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER)'', International Journal ofElectrochemical Science, vol. 7, pp. 4959– 4973, 2012.
7- K. Maaz, S. Karim, A. Mumtaz, SK. Hasanain, J. Liu, and J. L. Duan, "Synthesis and magnetic characterization of nickel ferrite nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation route", Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 321, pp. 1838-1842, 2009.
8- Y. Shi, J. Ding, X. Liu, and J. Wang, "NiFe2O4 ultrafine particles prepared by coprecipitation/mechanical alloying", Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 205, pp. 249-254, 1999.
9- M. Farbod, A. Movahed, and I. Kazeminezhad, "An investigation of structural phase transformation of monosize γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles fabricated by arc discharge method," Materials Letters, vol. 89, pp. 140-142, 2012.
10- A.R. Mohammadian, S. Hajarpour, Kh. Gheisari, and M. Farbod, "Synthesis of Ni–Mn ferrite–chromite nano particles through plasma arc discharge," Materials Letters, vol. 133, pp. 91-93, 2014.
11- Z. Wei, T. Xia, L. Bai, J. Wang, Z. Wu, and P. Yan, "Efficient preparation for Ni nanopowders by anodic arc plasma," Materials Letters., vol. 60, pp. 766-770, 2006.
12- M. Farbod, and A. Mohammadian, "Single phase synthesis of g-brass (Cu5Zn8) nanoparticles by electric arc discharge method and investigation of their order-disorder transition temperature," Intermetallics, vol. 45, pp. 1-4, 2014.
13-A. J. Song, M. Z. Ma, W. G. Zhang, H. T. Zong, S. X. Liang, Q. H. Hao, R. Z. Zhou, Q. Jing, and R. P. Liu, "Preparation and growth of Ni–Cu alloy nanoparticles prepared by arc plasma evaporation," Materials Letters, vol. 64, pp. 1229–1231, 2010.
14- Z. Wei, H. Qiaoc, H. Yanga, C. Zhanga, and X. Yana, "Characterization of NiO nanoparticles by anodic arc plasma method," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 479, pp. 855–858, 2009.
15- J. G. Lee, P. Li, C. J. Choi, and X. L. Dong, "Synthesis of Mn–Al alloy nanoparticles by plasma arc discharge," Thin Solid Films, vol. 519, pp. 81-85, 2010.
16- Q. Wang, H. Yang, J. Shi, and G. Zou, "Preparation and characterization of nanocrystalline powders of Cu–Zn alloy by wire electrical explosion method," Materials Letters, vol. 64, pp 1229–1231, 2010.
17- A. B. Nawale, N. S. Kanhe, K.R. Patil, S.V. Bhoraskar, V.L. Mathe, and A.K. Das, ''Magnetic properties of thermal plasma synthesized nanocrystalline nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4)'', Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 509, pp. 4404–4413, 2011.
18- S. Hajarpour, Kh. Gheisari, and A. HonarbakhshRaouf, ''Characterization of nanocrystalline Mg0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 soft ferrites synthesized by glycine-nitrate combustion process'', Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 329, pp. 165–169, 2013.
19- J. Tan, W. Zhang, and A.L. Xia, "Facile Synthesis of Inverse Spinel NiFe2O4 Nanocrystals and their Superparamagnetic Properties'', Materials Research, vol. 16, pp. 237-241, 2013.
20- د. قرایلو، و م. معین درباری، بررسی عوامل موثر در پخش شدن مناسب نمونهها برای تصویربرداری با TEM، فصلنامه تخصصی دانش آزمایشگاهی ایران، شماره 1، ص 30-36، بهار 1392.
21- S. Hajarpour, A. Honarbakhsh Raouf, and Kh. Gheisari, "Structural evolution and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline magnesium–zinc soft ferrites synthesized by glycine–nitrate combustion process'', Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 363, pp. 21-25, 2014.
_||_