A Conceptual Model for Effective Indicators of Architectural Aesthetic Judgment Based on Neuroscientific Data
Subject Areas :
Mahla Sadiri
1
,
مریم شباک
2
*
,
Nima Norouzi
3
,
Faezeh Ghaffari
4
1 -
2 - دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی،ساری،ایران
3 - Department of Architecture, Joibar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Joibar, Iran
4 - Faculty Member, Department of Architecture, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
Keywords: Architecture, Aesthetics, Aesthetic Judgment, Neuroarchitecture, Neuroscience ,
Abstract :
Introduction: This research explores aesthetic judgment in architecture through the lens of neuroscience, aiming to provide a conceptual model for key indicators in architectural aesthetics. Aesthetic judgment is crucial for understanding and experiencing space, yet it often encounters theoretical complexities. Recently, neuroscience has emerged as a valuable tool in architectural analysis, establishing a field known as "neural aesthetics," which examines how the brain responds to environmental stimuli. By integrating neuroscientific data, this study aims to deepen the understanding of how architecture influences human perception and identify effective indicators for aesthetic judgment. This research delves into the intricate realm of neuroaesthetics, aiming to develop a comprehensive conceptual model for identifying and analyzing key neural markers associated with aesthetic judgment in architecture. By investigating the neural correlates of aesthetic appreciation, this study seeks to illuminate the cognitive and emotional processes underlying human perception and experience of architectural spaces.
Aesthetic judgments, though fundamental to our understanding and experience of the built environment, have historically proven elusive to precise quantification. The complexity of architectural design, coupled with the diversity of human perception, has posed significant challenges to researchers seeking to unravel the factors that contribute to aesthetic appreciation. Neuroaesthetics, a burgeoning field that bridges neuroscience and aesthetics, offers a novel approach to empirically examining these subjective experiences.
Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative, descriptive-analytical approach, examining theoretical literature based on neuroscience to develop a conceptual model. This model identifies neuroscientific indicators that contribute to aesthetic judgment, focusing on how architectural design can evoke positive sensory and perceptual responses. Employing a qualitative research approach and drawing upon the rich body of existing literature in neuroaesthetics, this research develops a conceptual model that systematically identifies neural markers associated with aesthetic judgments in architecture. The model focuses on how architectural design can evoke positive sensory and perceptual responses, exploring the factors that contribute to enhanced user experiences. By understanding the neural mechanisms underlying these responses, architects and designers can create spaces that are not only visually appealing but also emotionally resonant.
The primary objective of this research is to determine and identify the neural markers that influence aesthetic perception and judgment in architecture. The proposed conceptual model serves as a valuable guideline for architects and designers, enabling them to create spaces that foster positive sensory interactions and enhance user experiences. By aligning design principles with human neural responses, this approach promotes more sustainable and effective design strategies that are inherently attuned to human neurobiology.
Results: The findings of this research underscore the significance of considering the neural underpinnings of architectural experiences. A deeper understanding of neural processes can inform design decisions and enhance the quality of architectural experiences. By fostering stronger sensory connections and increasing the pleasure derived from architectural spaces, this study offers strategies for improving user experiences. Furthermore, by applying neuroscientific principles to architectural design, this research contributes to the development of innovative design strategies that are aligned with human neural responses, thereby providing more satisfying sensory and perceptual experiences
Conclusion: Ultimately, this research seeks to advance our understanding of the intricate relationship between architecture and the human mind. By elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying aesthetic judgment, this study aims to empower architects and designers to create spaces that not only inspire and delight but also promote human well-being and cognitive function.
امامقلی، عقیل. آیوازیان، سیمون. زاده محمدي، علی و اسلامی، غلامرضا. (۱۳۹۱). روانشناسی محیطی، عرصه مشترك معماري و علوم رفتاري. فصلنامه علوم رفتاری، شماره ۲۳
پاکزاد، جهانشاه و ساکی، الهه. (۱۳۹۳). تجربه ی زیبایی شناختی محیط، نشریه هنرهای زیبا - معماری و شهرسازی دوره ۱۹ شماره۳
جوانلی، الساندرو.(۱۴۰۲). متفکران بزرگ زیبایی شناسی، مترجمان مازیار، امیر، نجفی، صالح، انتشارات لگا
رضائی جهد کن، مهدی.(۱۳۹۳). زیبایی شناسی و هنر از دیدگاه هایدگر: هنر، مجلای حقیقت، دوفصلنامه علمی تخصصی اشارات، سال اول، ش ۱
رضایی قادی، حمید. صارمی، حمیدرضا و بمانیان، محمدرضا.(۱۴۰۰). مطالعه تأثیر دانش نوروساینس بر طراحی نمای مسکونی، مورد مطالعاتی: خانه های مسکونی شهر ساری. معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
ساسمن، آن. هولاندر، جاستین. (۱۴۰۰). معماری شناختی، طراحی مطابق با واکنش های ما به محیط مصنوع. (ترجمه ی جمال اسمعیل زاده وفایی و سعید اقاخانی). انتشارات فکر نو. چاپ اول.
فلاح زاده، علی و رهبرنیا، زهرا. (۱۴۰۲). نظریه زیباییشناختی فرم معنادار کلایو بل در پرتو مکتب نئوپلاستیسیسم پیت موندریان. نشریه هنرهای زیبا : هنرهای تجسمی دوره 29شماره
کاری پور، فاطمه و شاهرودی، عباسعلی. (۱۳۹۳). اصول و معیارهای طراحی فضاهای معماری بر مبنای یافته های علوم مغز و اعصاب، همایش ملی معماری، عمران و توسعه نوین شهری، تبریز
گوتر، اران. (۱۳۹۵). فرهنگ زیبایی شناسی (ترجمه ی محمدرضا ابوالقاسمی) تهران: نشر ماهی.
لنگ، جان.(۱۳۸۸). آفرینش نظریه معماری (ترجمه ی علیرضا عینی فر). تهران: دانشگاه تهران.
محمد، فاطمه. (۱۳۸۷). زیبایی شناسی کانت و اندیشه های موثر بر آن، زیبا شناخت ش ۱۸
موسویان، سمیه. امین زاده گوهرریزی، بهناز و شاهچراغی، آزاده.(۱۳۹۹). بازاندیشی در سیر تحول نظام های فکری زیبایی شناسی معماری مبتنی بر رویکرد انسان محوری. معماری و شهرسازی آرمان شهر
وویتروویوس، پولیو.(۱۳۸۸). ده کتاب معماری (ترجمه ی ریما فیاض.) تهران: دانشگاه هنر.
هیستون، جوزف. ندال، مارکوس. مورا، فرانسیسکو. اف. آگناتی، لوئیجی و سلا-کوندي، کامیلو. (۲۰۲۱). هنر زیبایی شناسی و مغز. (ترجمه ی تقی کیمیائی اسدي). انتشارات آوای بوف.
Aharon, I. Etcoff, N. Ariely, D. et al. (2001). Beautiful face have variable reward value: FMRI and behavioral evidence. Neuron 32,537-51.
Bhise, Ar. Avinash. (2018). Aesthetics in Architecture. International Journal of Engineering Research ISSN:2319-6890 (online),2347-5013(print)
Bower I, Tucker R and Enticott, PG. (2019). Impact of built environment design o emotion measured via neurophysiological correlates and subjective indicators: A systematic review, Journal of Environmental Psychology.
Chatterjee, A. (2003). Prospects for a cognitive neuroscience of visual aesthetics. Bulletinof Psycholody and the Arts 4, 55-60
Chatterjee, Anjan. (2014). The Aesthetic Brain: How We Evolved to Desire Beauty and Enjoy Art. Oxford University Press, New York.
Choo, P. ODoherty, J. P. & Dowling, N. A. (2017). Neuroscientific methods in the study of architecture and design: Neural mechanisms of architectural cognition. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 51, 116-129.
Dormann, C. (2003). Affective Experiences in the Home: Measuring Emotion, Home Oriented Infornatics and Telematics. HOIT, Irvine, California.
Elbaiuomy E. Hegazy I and Sheta S.(2018). The impact of architectural spaces’ geometric forms and construction materials on the users’ brainwaves and consciousness status. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies.
Ezzat, Dina. shaaban, Ahmed. Kamel, Shaimaa and Khodeir, Laila. (2023). Exploring the architectural design powers with the aid of neuroscience (little architect’s adventure). Ain Shams Engineering Journal.
Fairhall, S.L. and Ishai, A. (2008). Neural correlates of object indeterminacy in art compositions. Consciousness and Cognition 17, 923-32. Doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2007.07.005.
Gibson, J. J. (2014). The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception: Classic Edition, New York: Houghton Mifflin.
Greer, B. (2010). Beauty, Wellbeing & Prosperity, London: Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment.
Groutter, Jorg. (2009). Aesthetics in Architecture. Translated by Jahanshah Pakzad and Abdolreza Homayoun, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti UniversityPress.
Heidegger, Martin. (1975). Poetry, Language, Thought, translated by Albert Hofstadter, Harper Colophon Books.
Hekkert, P. (2006). Design Aesthetics: Principles of Pleasure in Design, Psychology Sciences, Vol.48: pp. 157-172.
Ishai, A. Fairhall, S.l.,…and Pepperell, R. (2007). Perception, memory amd aesthetics of indetermin: Art. Brain Research Bulletin 73,314-24.
Janaway, C. & Shapshay, S. (2020). Introduction. In S. M. Cahn, S. Ross, & S. L. Shapshay (Eds..), Aesthetics: A comprehensive anthology (pp. 1-17). John Wiley & Sons .
Kaplan, Rachel, Kaplan, Stephen.(1989). The Experience of Nature: A Psychological perspective. Cambridge University Press.
Kaplan, Rachel, Kaplan, Stephen, Ryan, Robert L .(1998). With people in Mind: Design and Management of Everyday Nature. Publisher Island Press .
Kaplan, Rachel, Kaplan, Stephen .(2010) , Attention Restoration Theory: Empirical Work and Practical Applications. UM fMRI Research Lab UM Center for Enhancement & Restoration of Cognitive Function.
Khaleghimoghaddam, Navid. Alkan Bala, Havva. O¨zmen, Gu¨zin and O¨ztu¨rk, S‚erefnur. (2022). Neuroscience and architecture: What does the brain tell to an emotional experience of architecture via a functional MR study?, Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Kheirollahi, Mehran. Zamani, Mahbubeh. Asghari Ebrahim Abad, Mohammad Javad. Rezaee, Hasan and Vafaee, Farzaneh. (2022). Investigating the Effects of Architectural Space on Cognition and Brain Activities: A Systematic Review. Shefayekhatam, DOI: 10.52547/Shefa.10.3.68.
Kirk, U. Skov, M. Holme, O et al. (2009). Modulation of aesthetic value by semantic context: An 1 study. NeuroImage 44, 1125-32.
Kringelbach, M.L. O Doherty, J.P. Rools, E.T et al. (2003). Activation of the human orbitofrontal cortex to liquid food stimulus is correlated with its subjective pleasantness. Cerebral cortex 13, 1064-17.
Lang, J. (1987). Creating Architectural Theory: The Role of the Behavioral Sciences in Environmental Design. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
LeDoux J. (200). Remembrance of emotions past. In The Jossey-Bass Reader on the Brain and Learning, American Psychological Association Washington, DC, USA. 2008; 151-79.
Maleki, Mohammad Reza, & Bayzidi, Qader. (6102). Application of Neuroscience on Architecture: The emergence of new trend of Neuroarchitecture. Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research, 6(1), 121-192.
Medhat Assem, Hala. Mohamed Khodeir, Laila and Fathy, Fatma.(2023). Designing for human wellbeing: The integration of neuroarchitecture in design – A systematic review. Ain Shams Engineering Journal.
Michels, Marjan. Meeus, Wil and De Walsche, Johan.(2016). Sentiment: The Basis for Developing Aesthetic Judgment. Asian Education Studies; Vol. 1, No. 1; 2016 ISSN 2424-8487 Published by July Press .
Moosavian, Somayeh. Aminzadeh Gohar Rizi, behnaz and Shahchraghi, Azadeh. (2021). Rethinking the Evolution of Intellectual Systems of Architectural Aesthetics Based on an Anthropocentric Approach. ISSN: 2008-5079 / EISSN: 2538-2365 DOI: 10.22034/AAUD.2021.195626.1950
M. parsons, Lawrence. (2001). Integrating cognitive psychology, neurology and neuroimaging. Acta Psychologica.
O Doherty, J,P. Critchley , H. Deichmann, R. et al. (2003). Dissociating valence of outcome from behavioral control in human orbital and ventral prefrontal cortices. Journal of Neuroscience 23, 7931-39.
Puffer, Ethel D. (1905). The Psychology of Beauty, Wellesley college, copyright © 2001 Blackmask Online.
Ramsey, Richard. Bara, Ionela. Binney, Richard J and Ward, Robert.(2022). A generalised semantic cognition account of aesthetic experience. Neuropsychologia .
Robinson S, John.(2015). Dewey and the dialogue between architecture and neuroscience. Archit Res Q 2015;19(4):361–7.
Rowe JW et al.(2015). Daedalus: What is the Brain Good For? [Online]Available:. Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences 2015. www.amacad.org.
Stevanović, Vladimir.(2013). Ideological assumptions in Aesthetic judgment of architecture. Versita SPATIUM International Review UDC 72.01:316.75 ;No. 30, December 2013, pp. 40-46 .
Tam, F. Churchill, N,w. Strother, S, C et al . (2011). A new tablet for writing and drawing during functional MRI. Human Mapping 32, 240-8.
Tinio, P, P,L., (2013). From artistic creation to aesthetic reception: the mirror model of art. Psychology of Aesthetic, Creativity, and the Arts 7, 265-75.
Vartanian, o. Navarrete, G. Chatterjee, A. Fich, L. Leder, H. Modrono, C… & Skov, M. (2013). Architectural design and the brain: Effect of ceiling height and perceived enclosure on beauty judgments and approach-avoidance decisions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 35, 10-17.
Wang, sheng. Oliveira, Guilherme Sanches de. Djebbara, Zakaria and Gramann, Klaus. (2022), The Embodiment of Architectural Experience: A Methodological Perspective on Neuro Architecture. Human neuroscience.
Weitz, M. (2013). Philosophy of the Arts. USA: Harvard University Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674436626.
Xenakis,I. Arnellos, A. Darzentas, J. (2012). The functional role of emotions in aesthetic judgment. New ideas in Psychology, Vol. 30:pp.212-226.
Young, J. Z. (1974). An interoduction to the study of man. Oxford: Oxford University press. Zamani, Mahbubeh. Kheirollahi, mehran. Asghari Ebrahim abad, Mohammad Javad. Rezaee, Hasan and vafaee, farzaneh.(2022). Investigating the Effects of Architectural Space on Cognition and Brain Activities: A Systematic Review, Downloaded from shefayekhatam.ir on 2024-06-10].
Zheng W et al.(2019). Spatial patterns of decreased cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity in multiple system atrophy (cerebellar-type): A combined arterial spin labeling perfusion and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Genet 2019;10(JUL). doi: https://doi.org/ 10.3389/ fnins.2019.00777.