Essential Oil Composition of Elaeagnus angustifolia and Elaeagnus orientalis from Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran

Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

مالک طاهر  مقصودلو ¹ (Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran)
نسیم  کاظمی پور ² (Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran)
روح اله  جعفرآزاد ³ (Master of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran)
ناهید  راه نشان ⁴ (Master of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran)

Received: 2014-03-30 Accepted : 2014-07-20 Published : 2015-08-01

Keywords: GC/MS, hydro-distillation, Volatile constituents, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Elaeagnus orientalis,

Abstract :

Background & Aim: Elaeagnus angustifolia and Elaeagnus orientalis have a lot of medical utilization. In folk medicine, the fruit and flower of these plants are used as a tonic and antipyretic agent. The aim of the present study was to chemical analysis of volatile constituents of E. angustifolia and E. orientalis flowers. Experimental: The essential oils of E. angustifolia and E. orientalis flowers collected from Zahedan in Sistan and Baluchestan province were obtained by hydro-distillation. Chemical composition of oils were determined by GC/MS. Results & Discussion: 12 compounds representing 100% were identified in the essential oil of E. angustifolia flowers in which Ethyl cinnamate (73.24%(, Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, ethenyl ester (6.94%(, Isobutyl cinnamate (4.74%), Palmitic acid (4.39%), Buthyl cinnamate (2.38%), Ethanol (2.24%) and Methyl 9,9- Dideutero- Octadecanoate (2.05%( were the major constituents. In the essential oil of E. orientalis flowers twelve constituents representing 100% were identified in which Ethyl cinnamate (84.80 %(, Ethanol (7.86%), Tetra hydrogeranyl acetone (2.18%) and Phenantrenol (1.26%) were the major ones. The results showed that there are some differences and similarities between the oil compositions of Elaeagnus species growing in the same weather conditions. Although the main component of the essential oils of Elaeagnusspecies was Ethyl cinnamate, but its relative content was higher in the oil of E. orientalis. The percentage of Ethanol in the oil of Elaeagnusspecies also was less than 10%. Moreover, although the Isobutyl cinnamate, Buthyl cinnamate and Methyl 9, 9- Dideutero- Octadecanoate compounds were the main component of the essential oil of E. angustifolia flowers, but these compounds were not identified in the essential oil of E. orientalis. Industrial and practical recommendations: The results of the present study showed that the E. angustifolia and E. orientalis flower oils can be utilized as cheap commercially sources to isolation Ethyl cinnamate. In addition, extraction of the identified components can be useful for medicinal uses.

References:

Ahmadiani, A., Hosseiny, J., Semnanian, S., Javan, M., Saeedi, F., Kamalinejad, M. and Saremi, S. 2000. Antinociceptive and anti- inflammatory effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit extract. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72: 287-92.

Aksoy, A. and Sahin, U. 1999. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. as a biomonitor of heavy metal pollution. Turkish Journal of Botany, 23: 83-87.

Ayaz, F. A., Kadioğlu, A. and Doğru A. 1999. Soluble suger composition of Elaeagnus angostiholio L. var. orientalis (L.) Kuntze (Russian olive) fruits. Botany, 23: 349-354.

Ayaz, M., Riaz, A., Malik, A., Ahmad, E., Fatima, I., Arif Lodhi, M. and Iqbal Chaudhary, M. 2009.Elaeagnoside, chymotrypsin inhibiting steroidal glucoside from Elaeagnus orientalis. Natural Product Research, 23: 409-414.

Dembinska-Migas, W. and Gill, S. 1973. Flavonoids in leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 25: 599-606.

Erdemoglu, N., Akkol, E.K., Yesilada, E. and Calls, I. 2008. Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive principles from a folk remedy, Rhododendron ponticum L. leaves. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119:172-78.

Ghahraman, A. 1986. Flora of Iran. Vol. 5. The Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands press.

Hu, Y. and Guo-qiang, G. 2013. Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Essential Oil Extracted by Supercritical CO2 from Flowers of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Food Science, 34: 152-156.

Klich, M.G. 2000. Leaf variations in Elaeagnus angustifolia related to environmental heterogeneity. Enviromental and Experimental Botany, 44:171-183.

Küpeli, E. and Yesilada, E. 2007. Flavonoids with anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity from Cistus laurifolius L. leaves through bioassay-guided procedures. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 112:524-30.

Lev, E. and Amar, Z. 2002. Ethnopharmacologicl survey of traditional drugs sold in the Kingdom of Jordan. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 82:131-145.

Matthews, V. 1994. The new plantsman. Vol. 1. Royal Horticultural Society.

Pavel, M., Rădulescu, V., Ilieş, D.C. 2009. GC-MS analysis of essential oil obtained from the

species Thymus comosus Heuff.ex Griseb (Lamiaceae). Farmacia, 57: 479-484.

Rădulescu, V. and Oprea, E. 2008. Analysis of volatile compounds of officinal Tiliae flos by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Farmacia, 4: 129-138.

Ramezani, M., Hosseinzadeh, H. and Daneshmand, N. 2001. Antinociceptive effect of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit seeds in mice. Fitoter, 72:255-62.

Saboonchian, F., Jamei, R. and Hosseini Sarghein, S. 2014. Phenolic and flavonoid content of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (leaf and flower). Avicenna journal of phytomedicine, 4: 231-238.

Sastre, J., Lluch-Bernal, M., Bustillo, A.M.G., Carnes, J., Maranon, F., Casanovas M. and Fernandez-Caldas, E. 2004.  Allergenicity and cross- reactivity of Russian olive pollen (Elaeagnus angustifolia), Allergy, 59: 1181-1186.

Zargari, A. 1990. Medicinal plants, vol.4. Tehran, Tehran Univercity Press, pp. 275-277.