Biochemical and histological changes associated with Ruzu herbal bitters (RHB) in non-morbid rodents.docx
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)
کنت
اونیگبولا
1
(گروه علوم آزمایشگاهی زیست پزشکی، دانشکده علوم پایه پزشکی، کالج پزشکی، دانشگاه عبادان، عبادان، نیجریه.)
گیدئون
اولووالویه
2
(گروه علوم آزمایشگاهی پزشکی، دانشکده بهداشت عمومی و متحد، دانشگاه بابکاک، ایلیشان رمو، نیجریه.)
آیودجی
بادموس
3
(گروه علوم آزمایشگاهی پزشکی، دانشکده بهداشت عمومی و متحد، دانشگاه بابکاک، ایلیشان رمو، نیجریه.)
Keywords: polyherbal, liver, pathology, Toxicology, Wistar Rats,
Abstract :
Background & Aim: In developing countries, the use of herbal preparations has gained much attraction not only for therapeutic purposes but, also for prophylaxis. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a popular Nigeria commercial herbal preparation; Ruzu herbal bitters (RHB) on some biochemical indicators of liver function as well as histology in non-morbid rats.Experimental: Thirty-five adult Wistar rats divided into seven experimental groups (A-G) of five rats each were used for this investigation. Rats in group A were not treated with RHB and served as control. Rats in groups B-G received 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL, 0.8 mL, 1.0 mL and 1.2 mL of RHB twice daily by gavage, respectively. All rats were exposed to experimental conditions for two weeks. Blood was collected and analyzed for Total bilirubin (TB), Direct Bilirubin (DB) as well as activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST). Liver and testicular tissues were processed by standard histological method and stained for microscopy.Results: Rats treated with experimental doses of RHB exhibited lower levels of TB, DB, AST, ALT and ALP in comparison with rats in the control group which had higher values. Rats in the control group had normal liver and testicular tissue morphology while rats given experimental doses of RHB exhibited hepatocellular degeneration, cytoplasmic degeneration, vacuolation, presence of haemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, condensed nuclei and minimal fibrosis in the periportal area. Testicular tissue appeared normal in RHB treated rats. Thus, administration of RHB on non-morbid rats within experimental conditions appears to significantly improve the biochemical indices of liver function (TB, DB, AST, ALT and ALP) but with residual degenerative effects on liver morphology.Recommended applications/industries: RHB is therefore recommended for therapeutics and not for prophylaxis.
Kale, O.E., Akinpelu, O.B., Bakare, A.A., Yusuf, F.O., Gomba, R., Araka, O.C., Ogundare, T.O., Okolie, A.C., Adebawo, O. and Odutola, O. 2018. Five traditional Nigerian polyherbal remedies protect against high fructose fed, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in male Wistar rats. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 18(1): 160.
Nwachuku, E.O. and Elekima, I. 2018. Evaluation of the effect of Action bitters (herbal mixture) on some biochemical indices of Albino rats. Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, 3(4): 1-8.
Obasi, D.C. and Ogugua, V.N. 2020. Effect of Ruzu herbal bitters on the kidney function and haematological parameters of Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 11(5): 63-86.
Obasi, D.C., Ogugua, V.N., Obasi, J.N. and Okagu, I.U. 2020. Phytochemical, nutritional and anti-nutritional analyses of Ruzu herbal bitters. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 15(1): 4-17.
Obasi, D.C. and Ogugua, V.N. 2021. Effect of Ruzu herbal bitters on the liver function and lipid profile parameters of Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, In press.
Ogidi, O.I., Ayibaene, F., Shonubi, O.O. and Anani, R.O. 2022. Biochemical study on the effects of Ruzu herbal bitters formulation on Wistar Albino rats. Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, 41(1): 32434-32439.
Ogunlana, O.O., Ogunlana, O.E., Ugochukwu, S.E. and Adeyemi, A.O. 2018. Assessment of the ameliorative effect of Ruzu herbal bitters on the biochemical and antioxidant abnormalities induced by high fat diet in Wistar rats. International Journal of Pharmacology, 14(3): 329-341.
Ogunlana, O.O., Ogunlana, E.O., Adekunbi, T.S., Adetuyi, O.B., Adegboye, B.E. and Iheagwam, F.N. 2020. Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Ruzu bitters on diet-induced non- alcoholic fatty liver disease in male Wistar rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020, Article ID 5246725, 8 pages.
Ogunlana, O.O., Adetuyi, O.B., Adekunbi, T.S., Adegboye, B.E., Iheagwam, F.N. and Ogunlana, O.E. 2021. Ameliorative effect of Ruzu herbal bitters on high-fat diet induced non-alcoholic fatty disease in Wistar rats, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacognosy Research, 9(3): 251- 260.
Ojekale, A.B., Lawal, O., Lasisi, M.O., Bamigbose, C.A. and Dosu, F.A. 2019. Bioactive compounds in herbal bitter drinks and effects on selected hepatic biomarkers in Albino Wistar rats in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Environmental Management, 23(12): 2139-2142.
Oyaluna, Z., Abolaji, A.O. and Babalola, C.P. 2021. Effects of Ruzu herbal bitters, atraditional Nigerian polyherbal drug on longevity and selected toxicological indices in Drosophila melanogaster. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 11(2): 9638-9645.
Williams, S.C., Linske, M.A. and Stafford III, K.C. 2020. Humane use of cardiac puncture for non-terminal phlebotomy of wild-caught and released peromyscus spp. Animals (Basel), 10(5): 829.