Investigation of the changes in the administrative system of the Umayyad era

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

علی اکبر ارجمندمنش ¹ , ابراهیم خراسانی پاریزی ^{2 *} , ایرج جلالی ³

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Accepted : 2024-06-06 Published : 2025-02-27

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Abstract :

Abstract: The present research has been carried out with the aim and topic of "investigating the evolution of the administrative system of Sadr Islam in the Umayyad era". This article, which has been done in a descriptive-analytical way and using documents, sources and library texts, answers the question, "What changes did the administrative system of Sadr Islam have in the Umayyad era?" The answer is said. According to the results, the administrative system of Islam was formed in accordance with the vision and behavioral principles of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and developed during the era of the Rashidin Caliphs and evolved in the Umayyad era with ups and downs. The Umayyad rule began with the beginning of Muawiya's caliphate in 41 AH and ended in 132 AH with the noticeable weakness of the administrative and executive system of Marwan bin Muhammad. The most important administrative developments of the Umayyad era included issues such as the formation of the courts of Hajib, Mohtasib, tribute of Damascus, judicial transformation, as well as the creation of the hereditary and royal system, the two-person Ahadi province, the unification of the language and the Arabic language, and the Arabization movement. This system became more advanced and coherent during the Umayyad period due to its geographical extent, structural needs, and the influence of Iranian and sometimes Roman officials.